Ukubuka i-pica yengqondo yengqondo
E-Haiti, abantu abampofu baphoqeleka ukuba banqande ukuhlupheka kwindlala ngamakhukhi ayenziwe ngothuli. Ngeshwa, ukungcola okuphuzi okuxubene nosawoti nokunciphisa kuphela "ukudla" okuningi kulaba bantu abangakwazi ukukhokhela. IZizwe Ezihlangene zilinganisela ukuthi cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-800 emhlabeni wonke abanakho ukudla okwanele, kanti amaHaiti adla amakhukhi angcolile aphakathi kwabo.
Abambalwa baseHaiti abadla amakhukhi angcolile benza kanjalo ngokuzikhethela.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona isifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi i-pica ephoqelela abanye abantu abanempilo enokuthola ukudla kwangempela ukuze badle ukungcola, amatshe, insipho, upende, iqhwa, izinwele, izinhlayiya zezilwane kanye nezinye izinto ezihlukahlukene ezingenamsoco ... izinto ezingakaze zishiswe.
I-Pica itholakale kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka emibili ubudala abadla izinto eziningana noma ezingaphezulu kokudla inyanga noma ngaphezulu. I-Pica ivame ukuthinta izingane, abesifazane abakhulelwe, nabantu abahlala ezilungiselelweni zezikhungo.
Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi une-pica, umuntu akumelwe adle izinto ezingenayo ukudla okungezansi ezinkolelweni zamasiko noma njengesibonakaliso sokuntuleka komsoco.
Abantu abane-pica abanalo ukuphazamiseka okuyisisekelo ekudleni kunalokho bakhetha ukudla udaka, ubumba, iqhwa, umlotha, iphepha, njalonjalo.
Phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-10 no-32 kubo bonke abantwana bane-pica noma babonisa ukuziphatha okufana ne-pica-njengaye iningi lala bantwana abonisa ukukhetha kokungcola (geophagy).
Abesifazane abakhulelwe nge-pica bawela ngezigaba ezine: (1) labo abakhetha ukudla i-ice (pagophagia), (2) labo abakhetha ukudla ubumba noma ukungcola (geophagy), (3) labo abakhetha ukudla isitashi (amylophagia) , kanye (4) nalabo abadla umdaka omuncu.
Ngo-2004, abacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseAlabama bahlola amaphethini okudla abesifazane abakhulelwe abangu-3000 futhi bathola ukuthi amaphesenti angu-4 abahlanganyeli abathintekayo babe ne-pica.
Nakuba ochwepheshe bengaqiniseki ukuthi kubangelwa yini i-pica, banezinhlobo ezimbili okungenani.
Okokuqala, i-pica ingabangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-iron okuholela ekutheni kube nokudla kwamaminerali.
Okwesibili, ezinganeni, i-pica ingase ibonise ukuthuthukiswa okulibalekile. Ngokuqondile, izinsana zihlola umhlaba wonke ngemilomo yazo, kanti izingane ezine-pica kungenzeka zingakabikho kulesi sigaba. I-Pica ezinganeni zivame ukubonwa phakathi kwalabo abahluphekile emphakathini noma labo abanokukhubazeka kwengqondo.
Okuphawulayo, akucaci ukuthi i-pica ibangelwa ukuntuleka kwensimbi noma kubangela ukungabi nensimbi yensimbi . Noma kunjalo, ukutholakala kwe-iron anemia kuyabonakala phakathi kwabantu abaningi-kodwa hhayi bonke-abantu abane-pica.
Kunezinto eziningi eziyingozi ezingenzeka kubantu abavame ukudla izinto ezingezona ukudla okubandakanya:
- ukuhogela ubuthi (cabanga ngopende)
- ukungondleki
- ukuvimbela emathunjini
- malabsorption
- i-perforation yamathumbu
- inzuzo yesisindo
- ukutheleleka
- ama-bezoars (izinwele zezinwele noma izikhwama zezinye izinto ezingasetshenzisiwe ezitholakala esiswini)
Ukwelashwa kwe-pica kufanele kuqale kugxile ekuqondiseni noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka okunomsoco-okuphawulekayo ukutholakala kwe-anemia yensimbi. Ukwelashwa kokuqala kufanele futhi kuqalane nanoma yikuphi imiphumela ye-pica, njengobuthi obuholayo noma ukutheleleka.
Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kwe-pica kuyinselele.
I-Psychotherapy kufanele igxile ekuziphatheni, imvelo kanye nemfundo yamalungu omndeni. Ngokuqondile, ukwelashwa okuncane kwe-aversion kuye kwafakazela ukuthi kuyasiza kakhulu uma uphatha i-pica.
Kwabanye abantu abane-pica, lesi sifo sithatha emva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa-ngokuyinhloko sishiya sisodwa. Kulaba besifazane abakhulelwe, ukuxhaswa kwensimbi ukulungisa ukungabi nalutho kwe-anemia nakho kungasebenza ukuyeka i-pica. Kodwa-ke, kulabo abanenkinga yokuthuthukiswa okuqala ukuthuthukisa i-pica ebuntwaneni, lesi sifo sivame ukuqhubeka ngokukhula kwabantu abadala.
Ngaphansi
Uma wena noma ingane yakho uhlangabezana ne-pica, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho futhi uvakashele nomqondo wezifo zengqondo.
Uma i-pica ingashiywanga futhi ingaphathwa, ingaba yingozi. Sicela ukhumbule ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-pica kuvame ukubandakanya ukubamba iqhaza, ukwesekwa, nokusiza kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni.
Imithombo ekhethiwe
Cunningham F, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Spong CY, Dashe JS, Hoffman BL, Casey BM, Sheffield JS. Ukunakekelwa kokubeletha. Ku: Cunningham F, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Spong CY, Dashe JS, Hoffman BL, Casey BM, Sheffield JS. ama-eds. Williams Obstetrics, I-Twenty-Fourth Edition . ENew York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013.
I-Lacey EP: I-Phenomenology ye-pica. I-Child Adolesc Clinic Psychiatr N Am 1993; 2: 75.
UMcAdam DB, uSherman JA, Sheldon JB, Napolitano DA: Ukungenelela kokuziphatha ukunciphisa i-pica yabantu abanokukhubazeka kwentuthuko. Behav Modif 2004; 28: 45-72.