Kunezindlela ezimbili zokubuka amaketoni. Lapha, sikhathazekile ngamathononi athile (okubizwa nangokuthi umzimba we-ketone) emzimbeni womuntu, kodwa ngokurekhodiwe, i-ketone iyinhlanganisela equkethe iqembu le-carbonyl elisebenzayo elihlanganisa amaqembu amabili ama-athomu.
Kukhona amathononi amaningi emzimbeni womuntu, kodwa labo esikukhathazayo bakhiqiza esibindi lapho sihlanganisa amafutha esiwadlayo, noma uma sisebenzisa amanoni agcinwe amandla.
I-Ketoni ingasetshenziswa yiningi lamaseli emzimbeni wezamandla. Ngokuphawulekayo, ubuchopho bungasebenzisa amathononi ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-70 kuya ku-75% wamandla ayo. Amaketoni angase akhiqizwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile:
- I-Low-Carbohydrate / Ketogenic Diet lapho umzimba kufanele uthembele emafutheni wamandla
- Ukulamba noma ukuzila ukudla ("ukudla okuphansi konke")
- Izimo lapho i-carbohydrate ikhona khona, kodwa umzimba awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-glucose, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokungabi nalutho lwe-insulini ngohlobo lwe-1 (futhi, ngokungajwayelekile, Uhlobo lwe-2) lwesifo sikashukela.
Esikhathini esiningi, imizimba yethu inezinqubo zokuvimbela amazinga e-ketone ekungeneni kanzima, kepha isimo sokugcina - "hhayi okwanele kwe-insulin" - singavumela amazinga e-ketone ukuba aqhubekele phezulu abe yingozi ebizwa ngokuthi "i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela". Lokhu akukenzeki uma amathononi ephakanyisiwe ngenxa yemingcele yokudla yedwa.
Amazinga ajwayelekile kaKetone
Ngokuba umuntu odla ngokudla okuxubile "okujwayelekile", amazinga e-ketone egazini ngokuvamile azoba aphansi - azungeze u-0.1 mmol / L (minimilars ngetitha ngalinye).
Ngemva kokuzivocavoca ebusuku noma emva kokuzivocavoca okukhulu, singathola ukuthi izinga liye lafika ku-0.3 mmol / L.
Uma kungekho ukutholakala kokudla, noma uma sigxila ngokucophelela ama-carbohydrate ekudleni kwethu, sizokhiqiza amaketoni amaningi njengoba sisebenzisa amafutha ethu amandla. Ukudla okune-ketogenic kuyodala lokho okuye kwabizwa ngokuthi "i-ketosis ketosis", ephakathi kuka-0.5 mmol / L no-3 mmol / L, nakuba abanye bathola ukuthi banamazinga aphakeme kakhulu.
Kule nqanaba, ukudla kwesithakazelo kunciphisa futhi abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kwamafutha kulula.
Uma umuntu ehamba ngokusheshisa noma elula engenakho ukufinyelela kokudla amasonto amathathu noma kunjalo, izinga le-ketone lingase likhuphuke liphezulu njengo-10 mmol / L. Futhi isimo esiyingozi se-ketoacidosis singathumela amazinga kuze kube ngu-25 mmol / L noma kunjalo.
Izinzuzo zikaKetoni
Akungabazeki ukuthi ngezikhathi zokufinyelela okuphansi kokudla, amathononi agcine abantu bephila, njengoba umzimba ungakwazi ukugcina i-glucose okuningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu ngokuvamile banamafutha amaningi angasetshenziswa njengezitolo zamandla, futhi izicubu zomzimba ezingenakusebenzisa amafutha ngokuqondile, njengebuchopho, zingasebenzisa amaketoni amandla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ubufakazi obukhulayo bokuthi ukusebenzisa amaketoni kungase kube nemiphumela emihle ngaphezu nangaphezulu kokusiza ukuvimbela indlala. Ikakhulukazi, lapho ubuchopho busebenzisa amathononi amandla, kungase kube nomthelela wokuvikela. Ngesikhathi sokudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate ketogenic, ngezinye izikhathi i-dieters iqapha amazinga abo e-ketone ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa komchamo noma igazi.
Imithombo:
Association of American Diabetes Association. Ukuphila nesifo sikashukela: Ukuhlola i-Ketoni eWebhukwini le-American Diabetes Association Web site 6/28/13
Gasior, Maciej, Rogawski, Michael, noHartman, u-Adam. Imiphumela ye-neuroprotective kanye ne-disease-modifying yokudla kwe-ketogenic. I-Pharmacology Yokuziphatha (2006) 17 (5 = 6): 431-439
I-Volek, uJeff, namaFinney, uStephen. Ubuciko Nezesayensi Ye-Low Carbohydrate Living . Beyond Obesity, LLC. 2011. Phrinta.