I-BMI noma i-Body Mass Index iyindlela yokulinganisa amazinga omzimba womuntu ngokusezingeni lomuntu nokuphakama kwesilinganiso. Ngenkathi isibalo se-BMI singesilinganiso esingavamile, sitholakale sibonakaliso esinokwethenjelwa kwamanyathelo omzimba omzimba kubantu abaningi. Ukucwaninga ngezibalo ze-BMI kuthola ukuhlanganiswa okuqinile nezinye izilinganiso eziqondile eziyinkimbinkimbi zamazinga omzimba, kufaka phakathi kwamanzi anesisindo.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-BMI isibalo esilula, noma ubani angayisebenzisa ukuze athole ingozi yempilo ngenxa yamazinga omzimba okweqile.
Ezinye Izindlela Zokulinganiswa Kwamafutha Emzimbeni
Kunezindlela eziningana ezahlukene zokuhlola amaphesenti amaningi omzimba namanqina omuntu ngamunye. Lezi zindlela zibhekwa njengokuhlaziywa komzimba. Ezinye zezilinganiso ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa ubukhulu be-skinfold, ngaphansi kwamanzi obunzima, futhi impedance ye-bioelectrical.
- Amanzi angaphansi kwamanzi noma i-hydrodensitometry ayinkimbinkimbi futhi ayinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke ochwepheshe abaningi basebenzisa izilinganiso ezilula ze-skinfold ukunquma amaphesenti omzimba womzimba.
- I-impedance yezinto eziphilayo yindlela ejwayelekile yokuhlola amaphesenti amafutha omzimba. Le ndlela inquma isisindo somzimba esiphelele, iphesenti kanye nesilinganiso samanoni omzimba, ubukhulu besisindo, amanzi, ngisho namathambo. Ngenkathi ukufundwa kungathinteka ngezinga le-hydration nezinye izici, zihlinzeka ngokufundwa ngokunembile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ama-fat scale scales atholakale ukusetshenziswa kwekhaya abasebenzisa le ndlela yokulinganisa.
Ama-BMI Amafomula
I-Metric BMI Formula : Ifomu: isisindo (kg) / [ubude (m)] 2
Isibonelo: Isisindo = 68 kg, Ubukhulu = 165 cm (1.65 m)
Ukubalwa: 68 / (1.65) 2 = 24.98
I-English BMI Formula : isisindo (lb) / [ubude (in)] 2 x 703
Isibonelo: Uma isisindo sakho singama-150 lbs nokuphakama ngu-5'5 "(65")
Ukubalwa kwe-BMI: [150 / (65) 2 ] x 703 = 24.96
Umphumela Wakho Okushoyo
Ungakwazi ukuhumusha umphumela wakho we-BMI usebenzisa leli shidi elilula. Kubantu abadala, imiphumela ye-BMI ihunyushwa kanje:
- I-BMI ngezansi kwe-18.5 = Ukuphuza ngokweqile
- I-BMI 18.5 - 24.9 = isisindo esivamile
- I-BMI 25.0 - 29.9 = Ukukhululeka ngokweqile
- I-BMI 30.0 nangaphezulu = Konke
Qaphela ukuthi i-BMI ihunyushwa ngokuhlukile ezinganeni. Amashadi wokukhula nama-percentiles asetshenziswa. Uma bekhona noma ngaphezu kwe-95c perleenti yezingane zabo ubudala bayabhekwa kakhulu.
Ukulinganiselwa ku-BMI njengeThuluzi Lokulinganisa I-Body Fat
Ngisho noma kukhona ukulungiswa okunamandla phakathi kwe-BMI kanye nesilinganiso somzimba womzimba , kukhona ukulinganiselwa okusekelwe ubulili bomuntu, ubudala, kanye nekhono lomdlalo. Lezi zimingcele zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:
- Abesifazane bavame ukuba namafutha omzimba kunamadoda.
- Abantu asebekhulile bavame ukuba namafutha omzimba kunabantu abadala abasebasha.
- Abagijimi abaqeqeshwe kakhulu bavame ukuba ne-BMI ephezulu ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu omzimba we-muscle okwandisa isisindo somzimba wabo, kunokuba amafutha omzimba aphezulu aveze isilinganiso esisisindo somzimba.
Ukwakhiwa komzimba, Ukudla kwamafutha, kanye ne-BMI
Abagijimi abanamazinga aphezulu obukhulu bemisipha badinga ukulingana nokubalwa kwe-BMI. Ngenxa yokuthi inombolo ye-BMI ayikwazi ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezihlukene ezenza isisindo somzimba esiphelele, umgijimi ubhekwa kangcono ngokulinganisa ngokuqondile kokubunjwa komzimba namafutha omzimba kunokusebenzisa ifomula elula.
Khumbula ukuthi ukubalwa kwe-BMI kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola abantu jikelele ngezingozi zempilo ezihlobene nokuba nomzimba omningi kakhulu. Leli akuyona ithuluzi elisebenza kahle kubagijimi abaningi abafuna ukwazi ukubunjwa komzimba wabo okufaka ubukhulu obukhulu obukhulu namanoni.
Ingozi yezempilo ehlobene ne-BMI ephezulu
Isizathu sokuthi i-BMI isetshenziselwa ukuhlola impilo yabantu abaningi ngenxa yokuqhathaniswa okuqinile phakathi kokuqhathanisa ngokweqile noma ukugqwala kakhulu nokuthola izinkinga zempilo, izifo ezingapheliyo nokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Abantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abakhuluphele banengozini eyengeziwe yezimo zempilo ezilandelayo:
- I-hypertension
- Thayipha isifo sikashukela sesi-2
- Isifo senhliziyo seCoronary
- Isibungu
- I-osteoarthritis
- Ezinye zegciwane
- I-apnea yokulala nezinkinga zokuphefumula
Umthombo:
Ulwazi lwezempilo lwe-CDC, Mayelana ne-BMI yabantu abadala, amaCentral for the Disease Control, 2008.
Prentice AM neJebb SA. Ngaphandle kwe-Body Mass Index. Ukubuyekeza kokukhuluphala. 2001 Agasti; 2 (3): 141-7.
Izinkombandlela Zemitholampilo Ekukhoneni, Ukuhlolwa, Nokunakekelwa kokuqhathaniswa nokukhuluphala kwabantu abadala, Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sesifo Sikashukela kanye Nezifo Zokugula Nezinso, ngo-2008.