Indlela Yezemidlalo Eyingozi Ithinta Amazinga E-Hormone
Imidlalo eqinile isanda kakhulu. Ku-athikili ethi "Imidlalo ekhululekile inhle empilweni yakho: Ukuqonda okungokwemvelo kokwesaba nokukhathazeka emdlalweni owedlulele," uBrymer noSchweitzer bachaza imidlalo engathí sina "njengemisebenzi yokuzilibazisa okuzimele lapho kungenzeka khona umphumela wephutha elibi noma ingozi ukufa. "
Ucwaningo olunomkhawulo luye lwaqalwa ukucacisa izimpendulo zokucindezeleka kwe-hormonal ezemidlalo ezidlulele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akucaci ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela emidlalweni eyingozi kakhulu enempilo yesikhathi eside. Noma kunjalo, ake sibheke izifundo ezimbalwa ezihlola ukucubungula kwe-endocrine yemidlalo eqondile.
Ukugxuma nge bungee
Esifundweni se-2014 esibizwa ngokuthi "Ukucindezeleka Okucindezelekile Okufakwe yi-Bungee Jumping Suppresses Immunity Immunity Immunity," uVan Westerloo kanye nosebenza nabo bathola ukuthi ama-bungee jumping ayanda amazinga e-cortisol nama-catecholamines.
I-catecholamines ibhekisela ku-neurohormones, ebalulekile ekuphenduleni kokucindezeleka. Amazinga aphakeme ama-catecholamines angabangela ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi, ikhanda, ukujuluka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu besifuba nokukhathazeka. I-dopamine, i-epinephrine (i-adrenaline), ne-norepinephrine (i-noradrenaline) yizo zonke ama-catecholamines.
Kodwa-ke, umgomo walolu cwaningo kwakuwukucacisa ukuthi ukuphendula okucindezelayo okukhulu-izimpendulo ezithintekayo zokucindezeleka eziphethwe yi-bungee ezikhungathekile zihilelekile uma amasosha omzimba esabela ekutheleleni.
Ngamanye amazwi, abacwaningi bahlola ikhono lamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (leukocytes) ukufaka amakhemikhali okuvuvukala futhi abambe amabhaktheriya (okungukuthi, ukukhululwa kwe-cytokines ne-phagocytose, ngokulandelana).
Kuze kube sekugcineni, abacwaningi babedlulisa isigamu sama-jumping bungee nge-propanol, okuyi-beta-blocker, ngaleyo ndlela ephazamisa imiphumela yama-catecholamines kwisistimu yomzimba.
Bathola ukuthi ukucindezeleka kwamagciwane okubangelwa ukucindezeleka akuzimele kuma-catecholamines. Ngokuthakazelisayo, nakuba ukubalwa kwe-leukocyte kwanyuka ngesikhathi sesifundo, lawacycytes ayengasabeli kahle.
Esikhundleni sokuzivikela komzimba okukhulunywe yi-catecholamines, kubonakala sengathi ngemuva kokucindezeleka okuphawulekayo kwe-glucocorticoids efana ne-cortisol yokuvimbela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela nge-nongenomic izindlela ezihamba ngokushesha kunomshini we-DNA. Lezi zinqubo ze-nongenomic nazo zibophezele ekusizeni okusheshayo okuhlangenwe nakho kwabantu abanesifo sofuba abaphatha i-glucocorticoids njenge-prednisone.
Okokugcina, olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukukhanya kwezulu kubangele ukwanda kwama-endorphin. Lokhu kwanda kuma-endorphin kubangela "ukugijima" noma "ukuphakama."
Ukunyuka kweDwala
Izinhlobo ze-Rock Climbing
Ekukhuphukeni kwamadwala mahhala kwezobuchwephesha, indlela umkhuzi okhuphuka ngayo iwuphawu olubalulekile. Ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka okuhlanzekile, umqhubi wenza ukuhamba ngalunye ngaphandle kosizo-akukho okulenga, ukuwa noma ukudonsa imishini ngenzuzo.
Ekukhuphukeni okuhola, umcibisholo ugaxa intambo ibe ngamaphoyinti okuvikela ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka ngaleyo ndlela eyenza ukuphakama okuhlanzekile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukukhuphuka kwentambo ephezulu kuhilela intambo ehlanganiswe phezulu ekukhuphukeni.
Le ndambo ingasetshenziswa ukusiza ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka. Kuzo zombili izinhlobo zokukhwela idwala, intambo ivikela umkhumbi ekuweni.
Ukukhuphuka phambili kunzima kakhulu kunokukhuphuka kwezintambo. Ukukhuphuka kokuhamba phambili kuhlonishwa kakhulu ngabakhuphukeli bezintaba. Ukukhuphuka kwezintambo eziphezulu kuqhutshwa abaqalayo kanye nabagibeli abanokuhlangenwe nakho ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Impendulo yamaHormonal
Esicwaningweni esithi "Izimpendulo zeHormone ekuqhumeni kwamadwala okuqhubekayo emadodeni," uSherk nabalobi bezobambisene balinganisela amazinga e-testosterone, i-hormone yokukhula, ne-cortisol kubagibeli abangu-10 abasha bezintambo ezincane njengoba bekhuphuka ngamaphesenti angu-55 ° umzila wamaminithi angu-30.
Ngokuphawulekayo, ukukhwela kwakuyizintambo eziphezulu.
Abagibeli bezintambo ababambe iqhaza babesenani okungenani lezinga lekhono eliphakathi, ngokusobala kahle, futhi bengenawo umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongalawulwa noma i-asthma. Abagibeli ababesithathi imithi ye-corticosteroid ..
Abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ukukhuphuka kwamadwala kwaphakamisa isikhathi se-testosterone ye-plasma namazinga we-hormone yokukhula kodwa kwakungekho ushintsho olwalubonakala kumazinga e-cortisol. I-testosterone kanye ne-hormone yokukhula kusiza ukuqhutshwa kwesisindo semisipha ehlanzekile, futhi i-cortisol ikhuthaza ukuphuka kwamaprotheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hormone yokukhula ne-cortisol yanda ngesikhathi sokuvivinya umzimba.
Ngaphandle kokungashintshi kwamazinga e-cortisol, imiphumela yocwaningo lwamanje livumelana nokucwaninga kwangaphambilini. Ngokusho kwabalobi:
I-testosterone, i-cortisol, ne-GH [i-hormone yokukhula] bonke baye baboniswa ngezifundo eziningi zokwanda emva kokuqhuma kokuqeqeshwa ukumelana nokuzivocavoca kwamadoda, namazinga e-hormone nokuphakama kwempendulo kuye ngezici ezifana nesimo seminyaka yobudala, isimo sokudla nokuqeqeshwa, futhi usebenzise amandla kanye nobude.
Abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi abagibeli babone ukwanda kwama-catecholamines afana ne-adrenaline. Ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka, abagibeli babone ukwanda kokukhathazeka okulingana nobunzima bokukhuphuka. Abacwaningi baphinde baphawula lokhu okulandelayo:
Ukuhamba kwalesi protocol kungenzeka kubangele ukuhamba kwenhliziyo, okungenzeka kuhlobene nokwanda kwamazinga okushisa, okukhuphuka kwamanqanaba e-catecholamine, ukwehla kwevolumu yesilinganiso, noma ukunyuka kwengcindezi yesifo senhliziyo kusuka engxenyeni yomzimba engaphezulu.
I-Skydiving
Kungenteka ukuthi akumangazi ukuthi ukuxhuma endizeni eneparachute kungumcindezeli omuhle wengqondo wesifundo sezesayensi. Ngemuva kwalokho konke, ama-skydivers anesibindi sokuthi kungenzeka ukufa ngenxa yokugijima kwe-adventure.
Nakuba isibalo se-skydiving ngokuyinhloko sibe nesipiliyoni esingokwengqondo, ukusheshisa okuhlangenwe nakho ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kuyisimo sokucindezeleka ngokomzimba, okushintsha ukugeleza kwegazi futhi kukhulise ama-cortisol ne-catecholamine e-plasma.
Esicwaningweni esithi "Izimpendulo Zama-Hormonal Ukucindezeleka Kwengqondo Kwabesilisa Ekulungiseleleni I-Skydiving," uChatterton kanye nozakwethu baqashe amavolontiya angu-26 ukuba ahlolwe izimpendulo zengqondo nezama-hormone ngesikhathi sokuqaqa isibhakabhaka sokuqala. Isilinganiso sobudala besibhakabhakatsi sokuqala sasiyiminyaka engu-26.4 futhi zonke izibani ze-skydivers zazinempilo enhle. Ngaphandle kwalesi sigaba sokuhlola, iqembu lokulawula-elingazange lihambe skydiving-lihlolwe futhi.
Nansi indlela ama-skydivers asebenza ngayo ngokomzimba ukuze agxume:
- Ukwandisa emazingeni e-cortisol
- Ukwandisa amazinga we-catecholamine
- Ukwandisa emazingeni e-prolactin
- Ukwandisa ama-hormone okukhula
- Khulisa emazingeni okukhathazeka (akhulume ngaphambi kokuqaqa)
- Nciphisa amazinga we-testosterone
Inothi, i-cortisol, i-hormone yokukhula, ama-catecholamines, ne-prolactin yiwo wonke ama-hormone okucindezeleka. Lawa mahomoni alindeleke ukuba akhule ngokulingana nokukhathazeka okuhlangenwe nakho kanye nokunciphisa umzimba.
Ukulondoloza
Ukuhamba kuhamba ngamagama ahlukene, afana ne-spelunking ne-potholing. Kuhilela ukuhlola izinhlelo ezingasaphazamiseki. Ukwenza abathandekayo kumele banqobe izintambo ezisheshayo, izingozi zamanzi, kanye nama-tightque encrypted. Nakuba amanye ama-spelunkers akhipha inkinga ngokuhlukanisa isikhathi sokuzilibazisa ngokuthi "umdlalo owedlulele" -kufakazela ukuthi ukuphepha kuyinto evelele kakhulu-ukulondoloza kungaba yingozi.
Cabanga ngencazelo elandelayo ye-alpine potholing nguStenner kanye nabalobi ababambisene nabo ephepheni le-2007 elibizwa ngokuthi "Izimpendulo zeHormonal ekuhloliseni isikhathi eside emhumeni we-700 m ukujula":
Ngokungafani nezinye zezemidlalo ezidlulele, e-alpine ukuxosha lezi zinkinga zikhona ngesikhathi esisodwa. Eqinisweni, ama-potholers aphezulu abanekhono ngokuvamile ahamba amahora angama-20 nangaphezulu, cishe ngaphandle kokuphumula, egqoke i-harness se-harness eqinisa ukuqina kwamagatsha angaphansi, endaweni ebandayo futhi emanzi futhi, ngokusobala, ebumnyameni. Ngesisekelo salokhu okucacile kokubamba, ukukhuthazwa okuphawulekayo kwe-HPA [hypothalamus-pituitary adrenocortical], i-HP [hypothalamus-pituitary] ne-HPT [hypothalamus-pituitary thyroid] zingalindelwa, futhi lapho sizama lezi zimpendulo uphenyo ngokusebenzisa imingcele elandelayo: i-horum ukukhula i-hormone (GH), i-cortisol, i-hormone ye-thyroid-stimulating (TSH), i-triiodothyronine yamahhala (FT3) ne-thyroxine yamahhala (FT4) yamahhala.
Kulesi sifundo, uStenner kanye nozakwethu bahlola impendulo ye-hormonal yokuxubha phakathi kwama-potholers amahlanu ama-elite. Lokhu kuguquguquka kwe-hormone kubangelwa ukuvuselela izinhlelo ze-HPA, HP, ne-HPT. Abacwaningi bathola ukuthi i-cortisol, i-hormone yokukhula, namazinga wamahhala we-throxine konke okwenyuka kwesibili kuya kuhambo lwamahora angu-20.
Njengoba kulindeleke, imiphumela yalolu cwaningo iveza ukuthi ukucindezeleka ngokweqile ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kwamazinga e-hormone aguquliwe. Okuphawulayo, abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukwanda kwe-thyroxine yamahhala kwenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kwamafutha e-acids mahhala, okuvamile ngesikhathi sokuvivinya umzimba okude isikhathi eside.
Yini Lezi Izinguquko ZaseHormone Zisho Ngomzimba?
Ngamafuphi, abantu abathintekayo ekuhlangenwe nakho kwezemidlalo okwedlulele, ukukhathazeka nokwesaba. Ukucindezeleka kwama-hormone-kuhlanganisa i-hormone yokukhula, i-cortisol, i-prolactin, ne-catecholamines efana ne-adrenaline-yanda kakhulu phakathi nomsebenzi. Ngokuvamile, ama-hormone okucindezeleka aphakama ngokulinganayo kuya kokukhathazeka nomthwalo wemethamo.
Ngisho noma lezi ziphakama emazingeni e-hormone zingamazinga amancane futhi ama-hormone abuyele emuva kokuqala ngemuva kokuphelelwa komdlalo, akucaci ukuthi ukuchayeka ngokuphindaphindiwe emidlalweni eyingozi nokuqhubekayo kokushintshashintsha kwamazinga e-hormone yokucindezeleka kunemiphumela yesikhathi eside.
Akucaci ukuthi ngabe imidlalo engathí sina ingakwandisa izimo ezithile zezokwelapha noma ngabe abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha kufanele bahlanganyele emidlalweni eyingozi. Abanye ochwepheshe basikisela ukuthi labo abanezinkinga zempilo ezingapheli kufanele bagweme ezemidlalo ezidlulele nokuthi abantu kuphela abanempilo okufanele bahlanganyele . Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanezimo ezithile zezempilo ezingase zikhungatheke ukucindezeleka-kuhlanganise nokucindezeleka okungalawuleki, isifo senhliziyo, nesifo sofuba-kufanele sibheke imidlalo engathí sina. Eqinisweni, abantu abanezimo bahlolwe futhi bangabandakanywa ezivivinyweni ezedlulele ezemidlalo.
Ucwaningo oluningi luzodingeka lwenzeke ngaphambi kokuba siqonde ngempela imiphumela yemidlalo eqinile emzimbeni. Kuze kube manje, izifundo eziningi zezemidlalo ezidlulele zigxile ekutheni izinga lezinhliziyo, ukusetshenziswa kwemali, ukusetshenziswa kokusebenzisa umzimba, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-oksijini enkulu (VO2 max). Ngokuphawulekayo, i-VO2 max iyinkomba ebalulekile yokuqina nokukhuthazela ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca; kuyimethrikhi ebalulekile phakathi kokuzivocavoca umzimba.
Uma unemibuzo mayelana nempilo yakho njengoba iphathelene nezemidlalo ezidlulele-noma ngabe kufanele udla-sicela ukhulume nodokotela wakho. Udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukuhlola noma yiziphi izingozi ezingenzeka futhi unikeze isiqondiso ngasinye.
> Imithombo:
> Chatterton RT Jr., et al. Izimpendulo Zama-hormonal Ukucindezeleka Kokwengqondo Kwabesilisa Ukulungiselela I-skydiving. I-Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism . 1997; 82: 2503-9.
> Hackney, AC. I-Endocrine Stress Reactivity Ehlanganiswe Nezemidlalo Extreme . IYunivesithi yaseNorth Carolina.
> Sherk VD, et al. Izimpendulo ze-hormone ekuqhumeni okuqhubekayo kokukhwela ngamadwala ngamadoda. I-European Journal ye-Applied Physiology . 2011; 111: 687-693.
> Stenner E, et al. Izimpendulo ze-hormonal ekuhloliseni kwesikhathi eside emhumeni we-700 m ukujula. I-European Journal ye-Applied Physiology . 2007; 100: 71-8.
> van Westerloo DJ, et al. Ukucindezeleka okunamandla okufakwe yi-bungee jumping kuphazamisa ukuzivikela komuntu okungenasifo. Imithi Yama-Molecular . 2011; 17: 180-8.