Njalo ngonyaka, iziguli ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-76 zokugula kokudla zenzeka e-United States. Inani labantu ababhekene nokudla okunobuthi e-United States nakwamanye amazwe asezimboni zanda ngamaphesenti angu-30 ngonyaka.
Ukugula okubelethwe ngokuvamile kuholela ekusikeni isisulu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, noma umkhuhlane obangelwa amabhaktheriya agxila ekudleni nasezindaweni zokudlela.
Izimpawu zingaba nomnene noma zikhulu kakhulu, futhi zingase zithinte abantwana, abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabantu asebekhulile.
Uma ukuphepha kokudla kunganakwa epikinikini noma kwezingqimba ngokushiya ukudla okuphakade endaweni efudumele, amabhaktheriya ayahluma futhi asongele ukwenza wonke umuntu agula.
Gcina izihlukumezi ezingenakudingeka ezingalindelekile ukushaya iqembu lakho langaphandle ngokulandela imikhuba yokuphepha yokudla eyisisekelo. Qiniseka ukuthi ukudla kugcinwa kubanda noma kushisa, kanti inyama eluhlaza ihlukaniswe nokudla okuphekwe noma okulungele ukukhonjiswa. Wonke umuntu udinga ukugeza izandla zakhe futhi asebenzise izitsha zokukhonza ezihlanzekile.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi izitsha zakho zihlala isikhathi esingakanani etafuleni lepikiniki. Amabhaktheriya akhule kakhulu phakathi kwama-40 no-140 degrees. Iningi lokudla oyisebenzelayo epikinikini yakho lizophepha kuphela etafuleni amahora amabili futhi, uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphezu kuka-90 degrees, ukudla kungaphephile emva kwehora elilodwa nje. Uma sekusele isikhathi esisele etafuleni eside, ungawagcini-uwalahle.
Landela imithetho yokuphepha kokudla nokuhlanzeka kwangaphandle nje okufana nekhishini lakho futhi ugcine izifo zokudla okubangelwa ukususa umcimbi omuhle wangaphandle. Nazi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele wazi:
Gcina izidakamizwa zama-Cold kuze kube yilapho zisetshenziswa. A
Uma usekhaya, ungasebenzisa isiqandisisi. Kodwa ngepikiniki epaki, ulethe ama-coolers enezinqwaba zeqhwa noma amafriji.
Sebenzisa okupholile okukodwa kokudla okulungele ukukhonza kanye neziphuzo kanye nenye yezinyama ezingenamvubelo.
Ama-salad ama-pasta nama-salads amazambane angama-pipiniki ayisisekelo. A
Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, imayonnaise akuyona imbangela eyabangela ukususa. Amabhaktheriya akhetha amaqanda, amazambane, noma ezinye izithako. Qinisekisa ukuthi isaladi lakho igcinwa libandayo kuze kube isikhathi sokudla. Khonza kuphela inani lesaladi elizosetshenziswa phakathi kwehora elilodwa, futhi ugcine konke okuphelile. Uma udinga okungaphezulu, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa isitsha sokukhonza esihlanzekile nekhasi; ungasebenzisi kabusha labo abahlezi etafuleni.
Izithelo Ezintsha
Izithelo ezinezikhonkwane ezinjengezivunguvungu nama-apula, zizohlala izinsuku eziningana ekushiseni kwekamelo. Uma sebeqedile, baphathwe njengamanye ukudla okungahleliwe. Uma zingadliwa zingakapheli amahora amabili, zilahle.
Casseroles
Sebenzisa iziqukathi ezifakiwe ezizogcina izinga lokushisa, noma ugcine ukudla okufudumele kuhhavini noma okupheka kancane. I-Casseroles kufanele iphekwe ekushiseni kwangaphakathi kwama-degree angu-165 futhi igcinwe ngo-140 degrees Fahrenheit.
Inkukhu econsisa amathe
Inkukhu ethosiwe ekhanda kumele idliwe futhi idliwe kungakapheli ihora elilodwa noma amabili emva kokupheka noma ukuthenga. Izinkukhu ezibandayo ezibandayo kufanele zigcinwe ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-40 kuze kube yilapho zikhishwa, njengezinye izinto zokudla ezibandayo.
Inyama
Inkabi eningi ingaphekwa emazingeni angu-140. Kodwa-ke, ama-hamburger kufanele aphekwe njalo kuma-degree angu-165. I-Ground inyama inendawo engaphezulu kunama-steaks noma ama-chops futhi kumele iphekwe njalo ekushiseni okuphakeme. Izinkukhu kufanele ziphekwe ekushiseni kwangaphakathi kwama-degree angu-160. Izinja ezishisayo kanye nezinye izilwane eziphekwe ngaphambilini kufanele zikhishwe ngamadrikhi angu-165. Letha i-thermometer yokudla ukuze uhlolwe njengoba upheka.
Yonke inyama eluhlaza nezinkukhu kufanele zifakwe futhi zihlale zibandayo uze ulungele ukudlala. Inyama ingahle iphekwe kancane ngaphambi kokunciphisa isikhathi sokugcoba. Kodwa-ke, kudinga ukuphathwa njengeenyama eluhlaza ngoba amabhaktheriya ayobe ekhona aze aphekwe ngokugcwele.
Ungadli inyama efriziwe noma izinkukhu njengoba kunzima ukupheka ngokulinganayo nangokuphepha.
Phakamisa izindiza ezihlanzekile nezitsha zokukhonza ukudla okusiwe. Letha ibhokisi elihlukile noma isikhwama seplastiki ukuze ubambe izitsha eziye zagcina inyama eluhlaza uze uzibuyisele ekhaya ukuze zihlanzwe. Kungcono nokho, sebenzisa amathrekhi alahlekile neziqukathi zepulasitiki ukuze uthumele izinyama zakho ezimbi, bese uzilahla ngemuva kwebhayisikili.
Amathiphu wePikiniki
Akuwona konke ukudla okudinga ukuphathwa okhethekile kwepikinikini, i-barbecue noma iqembu elihle. Amakhukhi, isinkwa, imiqulu, kanye nabaqaphi bangagcinwa ngokuphepha kunoma yikuphi ukushisa-bahlale behlanganiswe ukusha. Ama-condiments afana ne-ketchup, imayonnaise, kanye nesinaphi ayasebenza, ngakho akuyona inkinga yepikinikini. Gcina izembozo zamanzi, noma sebenzisa amabhodlela we-squeeze.
Letha abahlanza, isobho, namanzi (noma isandla se-sanitizer), amathawula wephepha, ama-cloth, nama-napkins. Geza amatafula noma sebenzisa i-tablecloths fresh. Hlanza i-grill ngaphambi kokupheka.
Uma udinga ukusebenzisa ama-insecticide ukubulala omiyane, izimpukane, nezinye izinambuzane ezingenabuhlobo, faka indawo yepikiniki ngaphambi kokuletha ukudla, amapulethi, nezinto zokugqoka. Phonsa phansi phansi, bese uvumela ukuhlunga ngaphambi kokukhipha.
Ungavumeli izivakashi zizikhonze ngemifoloko nezinkezo eziye zasetshenziselwa ukudla. Gcina izitsha zokukhonza ezihlanzekile zesitsha ngasinye sokukhonza.
Yiba nezivakashi ezigeza izandla noma zisebenzise ama-sanitizers ezandla bese usula ukuze unciphise ukusakazeka kwamagciwane kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu. Ukweba izandla kubalulekile uma ukhonza ukudla okubanjwe esitsheni njengama-chips noma ama-pretzels.
Imithombo:
UMnyango Wezolimo wase-United States. "I-Barbecue nokuphepha kokudla." http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/barbecue-and-food- ukuphepha / CT_Index.
I-World Health Organization. "Ukuphepha kokudla." http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs399/en/.