Yini ebhodleleni?
Izithako zokudla ziyisihloko senzuzo enkulu yomphakathi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usesitolo, usebenzisa i-intanethi, noma ukhuluma nabantu obaziyo, ungase uzwe izimangalo ngezinzuzo zabo zezempilo. Uthola kanjani ukuthi "yini ebhodleleni" iphephile ukuthatha nokuthi ngabe isayensi ifakazele ukuthi umkhiqizo wenza lokho okushoyo?
Yiziphi izithako zokudla
Izithako zokudla (okubizwa nangokuthi izithako zokudla okunomsoco, noma izithako ezisheshayo) zichazwe ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Kuthathwa ngomlomo.
- Iqukethe "isithako sokudla" okuhloswe ukufaka ukudla. Izibonelo zezithako zokudla zifaka amavithamini, amaminerali, amakhambi (njengamakhemikhali angama-single noma amaxube), amanye ama-botanicals, ama-amino acids, kanye nezinto ezidliwayo ezinjenge-enzyme nama-glandulars.
- Woza ngezindlela ezehlukene, ezifana namathebulethi, ama-capsules, softgels, ama-gelcaps, iziphuzo, nama-powders.
- Ayimelwe ukusetshenziselwa ukudla okuvamile noma njengento yokudla kuphela noma yokudla.
- Kubizwa ngokuthi yi-supplementary dietary.
Izithako zokudla zidayiswa ekuthengeni, ukudla kwezempilo, izidakamizwa, nezitolo zeSaphulelo, kanye nezincwadi ze-mail-oda, izinhlelo ze-TV, i-Inthanethi, nokuthengisa okuqondile.
Kungani Abantu Bamukela Izithako?
Abantu bathatha izithako ngezizathu eziningi. Ucwaningo lwesayensi ngalesi sihloko lwashicilelwa ngo-2002. Abangaphezu kuka-2 500 baseMelika babika ngezidakamizwa abasebenzisa (banikezwa ngezigaba zamavithamini / amaminerali kanye nemikhiqizo yemifino / izithako zemvelo) nezizathu zokuzithatha.
Izimpendulo zabo zifingqiwe ngezansi:
Amavithamini / Amaminerali
- Ezempilo / okuhle kuwe - 35%
- Ukwengeza ukudla - 11%
- Ukwengeza kwe-vitamin / amaminerali - 8%
- Ukuvimbela i-osteoporosis - 6%
- Kunconywa udokotela - 6%
- Ukuvimbela ukushisa / umkhuhlane - 3%
- Angazi / akukho isizathu esichaziwe - 3%
- I-booster immune - 2%
- Kunconywe umngane / umndeni / abezindaba - 2%
- Amandla - 2%
- Bonke abanye - 22%
I-Herbals / Izithako
- Ezempilo / okuhle kuwe - 16%
- I-arthritis - 7%
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwememori - 6%
- Amandla - 5%
- I-booster immune - 5%
- Ukuhlanganyela - 4%
- Ukwengeza ukudla - 4%
- Ukulala usizo - 3%
- I-Prostate - 3%
- Angazi / akukho isizathu esichaziwe - 2%
- Bonke abanye - 45%
Ngingawuthola Kanjani Ulwazi Lwezesayensi Ngesinye Isongezo?
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthola ulwazi kuma-supplement esekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlola okunamandla kwesayensi, kunokuba kube nobufakazi kanye nolunye ulwazi olungasayini.
Buza umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Ngisho noma umhlinzeki wakho engazi ngokungezelelwe okuthile, angase abe nezinsiza zobuchwepheshe ukuze aphenduke mayelana nokusetshenziswa, izingozi ezingenzeka, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa.
Uma Nginentshisekelo Ekusebenziseni I-Supplement Njengo-CAM, Ngingayenza Kanjani Ngokuphepha?
Nanka amaphuzu okumele uwagcine engqondweni:
1. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo (noma abahlinzeki, uma unamalungu angaphezu kweyodwa) mayelana nokungeziwe ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa. Lokhu kungukuphepha kwakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho uma:
- Ucabanga ngokufaka esikhundleni sokunakekelwa kokwelashwa kwakho njalo ngezingxenye ezithile noma ngaphezulu.
- Kuthatha imithi (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isidakamizwa noma ngaphezulu). Ezinye izithako zitholakale ukuxhumana nemithi (bona ibhokisi elingezansi).
- Yiba nesimo sezokwelapha.
- Uhlela ukuhlinzwa. Izithako ezithile zingandisa ingozi yokugaya noma ziphazamise izinzwa zokubulala izinambuzane kanye nabanikazi bezinhlungu.
- Ukukhulelwa noma ukubeletha ingane.
- Ucabanga ngokunikeza ingane isengezo. Imikhiqizo eminingi edayiswa izingane ayihlolwanga ukuphepha nokusebenza kwabo ezinganeni.
2. Ungathathi isilinganiso esiphezulu se-supplement kunalokho okubhalwe ohlwini lwelebula, ngaphandle uma umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ekwazisa ukuba wenze kanjalo.
3. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi ephathelene nawe, yeka ukuthatha isengezo, futhi uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho. Ungaphinda ubike isipiliyoni sakho ohlelweni lwe-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) lwe-MedWatch, olulandelela imibiko yokuphepha yabathengi kuma-supplements.
4. Uma ucabangela ukusebenzisa ama-herbal supplement, kungase kube nezinye izinkinga zokuphepha okufanele uzicabangele.
5. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa kwamanje kusuka kuHulumeni waseHulumeni ngokuphepha kwezidakamizwa ezithile, hlola isigaba se-"Izaziso Neziphakamiso" seWebhu ye-NCCAM noma isayithi le-FDA.
Izithako kanye nezidakamizwa zingaxhumana
Ngokwesibonelo:
- I-wort yaseSt. John ingandisa imiphumela yezidakamizwa ezisetshenziswayo ukuphatha ukucindezeleka. Kungaphinde kuphazamise izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, ukuphatha umdlavuza, ukulawulwa kokubeletha, noma ukuvimbela umzimba ukuba unqabe izitho ezifakiwe.
- I-Ginseng ingandisa imiphumela evuselelayo ye-caffeine (njengekhofi, itiye, ne-cola). Kunganciphisa izinga lokushukela egazini, okwenza kube khona izinkinga uma zisetshenziselwa izidakamizwa zesifo sikashukela.
- I-Ginkgo, ethathwe izidakamizwa ze-anticoagulant noma i-antiplatelet, ingandisa ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi. Kungenzeka nokuthi i-ginkgo ingase ihlanganyele nemithi ethile yemithi kanye nemithi ethile ethinta amazinga kashukela egazini.
Ingabe "Okuvamile" Kusho Ukuthi "Kuphephile"?
Kukhona izithako eziningi, kanye nemithi eminingi kadokotela, evela emithonjeni yemvelo futhi zombili ziwusizo futhi ziphephile. Noma kunjalo, "imvelo" akusho ukuthi "ephephile" noma "ngaphandle kwemiphumela eyingozi." Isibonelo, cabanga ngamakhowe akhula endle - amanye aphephile ukudla, kanti amanye ayenobuthi.
Izixwayiso ze-FDA mayelana nezithako ezifaka izingozi kubathengi, kuhlanganise nalabo asetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-CAM. Izibonelo zifaka i-kava, i-comfrey, ne-ephedra. I-FDA ithole le mikhiqizo yokukhathazeka ngoba:
1. Kungalimaza impilo - kwezinye izimo kakhulu.
2. Zingcolile - nezinye izitshalo ezingelapheki, izibulala-zinambuzane, izinsimbi ezinzima, noma izidakamizwa zemithi.
3. Usebenzisana ngengozi ngemithi kadokotela.
Ingabe uHulumeni Wase-Federal Ulawula Ukusekela?
Njengamanje, i-FDA ilawula izithako njengokudla kunezidakamizwa. Ngokuvamile, imithetho yokubeka ukudla (kufaka phakathi izithako) emakethe nokuyigcina emakethe ayinamandla kakhulu kunemithetho yezidakamizwa. Nazi ezinye zezindlela ezihluke ngazo.
- Ucwaningo lwabantu olufakazela ukuthi ukuphepha kwesibambiso akudingekile ngaphambi kokuthengiswa kokuthengiswa (ngokungafani nezidakamizwa noma izidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwe-counter).
- Umkhiqizi akudingeki afakazele ukuthi isengezo sisebenza kahle. Umkhiqizi angasho ukuthi umkhiqizo ukhuluma ngokuntuleka komsoco, usekela impilo, noma unciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa inkinga yezempilo. Uma umkhiqizi enza isimangalo, kumele kulandelwe isitatimende esithi "Lesi sitatimende asizange sihlolwe yi-Food and Drug Administration. Lo mkhiqizo awuhloselwe ukuxilonga, ukwelapha, ukwelapha noma ukuvimbela noma yisiphi isifo."
- Umkhiqizi akudingeki afakazele ikhwalithi yokungezela. Ngokuqondile:
- I-FDA ayihlaziyi okuqukethwe kokunezela okudlayo.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngalesi sikhathi, abakhiqizi abangezelayo kumele bahlangabezane nezidingo ze-Practice Good Manufacturing (FDP) ze-FDA (GMPs) zokudla. I-GMPs ichaza izimo lapho imikhiqizo kufanele ilungiselelwe, ilayishwe futhi igcinwe. Ukudla kwe-GMP akuhlali njalo kuhlanganisa zonke izinkinga zekhwalithi yokwengeza. Abanye abakhiqizi balandela ngokuzithandela i-FDA's GMPs yezidakamizwa, ezinzima kakhulu.
- Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa igama elithi "ukulinganisa" ukuchaza imizamo yokwenza imikhiqizo yabo ihambisane. Noma kunjalo, umthetho wase-US awuchazi ukuma. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa leli gama (noma amagama afana nalokhu "okuqinisekisiwe" noma "okuqinisekisiwe") akuqinisekisi izinga lomkhiqizo noma ukuvumelana.
- Uma i-FDA ithola isengezo ukuthi ingavikelekile uma isemakethe, khona-ke ingakwazi ukuthatha isenzo ngokumelene nomkhiqizi kanye / noma ummemezeli, njengokunikezela isixwayiso noma kudinga ukuthi umkhiqizo ususwe emakethe.
Uhulumeni wesifunda ulawula ukukhangisa okungeziwe, ngokusebenzisa i-Federal Trade Commission. Kudinga ukuthi lonke ulwazi mayelana nezithako lube yiqiniso futhi lungakhohlisi abathengi.
Okungaphakathi Ibhodlela Akunakulinganisani Konke Okukwi Label
Isengezo singase:
- Akuqukethe isithako esibhalwe ohlwini lwelebula (njengezinhlobo zezitshalo). Isibonelo, isifundo esisodwa esicubungula amalungiselelo angu-59 we-echinacea sitholile ukuthi cishe ingxenye yayingenayo izinhlobo ezibalwe ohlwini.
- Iba nemali ephakeme noma ephansi yesithako esisebenzayo. Isibonelo, isifundo se-NCCAM esixhaswe ngemali ngemikhiqizo ye-ginseng sithole ukuthi iningi eliqukethwe ngaphansi kwengxenye ye-ginseng ebalwe kumalebula awo.
- Ungcolile.
Ingabe i-NCCAM Ukusekela Ucwaningo Ngezidingo?
Yebo, i-NCCAM ixhase kakhulu ucwaningomabhuku wamanje wezwe olwenzelwe ukwandisa ulwazi lwesayensi mayelana nezithako - kufaka phakathi ukuthi ziyasebenza; uma kunjalo, ukuthi basebenza kanjani; nokuthi kanjani imikhiqizo ehlanzekile neyengeziwe yokwakhiwa. Phakathi kwalezi zinto abacwaningi abazitadisha ngazo:
- Ilayisi elivuthiwe isisindo, ukubona ukuthi inganciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol egazini
- Soy, ukubona ukuthi kunciphisa ukukhula kwezidumbu
- I-Ginger kanye ne-turmeric, ukubona ukuthi inganciphisa ukuvuvukala okuhlobene ne-arthritis ne-asthma
- I-Chromium, ukuqonda kangcono imiphumela yayo yemvelo nomthelela phezu kwe-insulini emzimbeni, mhlawumbe unikeza izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela
- Itiye elihlaza, ukuthola ukuthi ingakwazi yini ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo
> Imithombo:
> NCCAM Clearinghouse Akukhokhwa mahhala e-US: 1-888-644-6226 International: 301-519-3153 TTY (abashayela abayizithulu noma abanokuzwa): 1-866-464-3615 Imeyili: info@ nccam.nih.gov Iwebhusayithi ye-NCCAM: nccam.nih.gov Ikheli: NCCAM Clearinghouse, PO Box 7923, Gaithersburg, MD 20898-7923
> Kaufman DW, Kelly JP, Rosenberg L, et al. Ama-Patterns Amanje Omuthi Wokusebenzisa Imithi Sebenzisa Emphakathini Wabantu Abadala Abahlukunyezwayo e-United States: Ucwaningo LweSlone. Umagazini we-American Medical Association. 2002; 287 (3): 337-344. 2002, i-American Medical Association.