Ama-amino acids yizakhi zokwakha amaprotheni. Amaprotheni nawo adingekayo eziningi zezakhiwo nemisebenzi emizimbeni yethu.
Imizimba yethu idinga ama-amino acids angu-20 ukuze ifeze konke okudingekayo ukuze siphile. Ngokubili, lawa ma-amino acids ahlanganiswe futhi ahlanganiswe ukuze ahlangane ngezindlela ezingapheli. Amaprotheni aphethwe asetshenziselwa ukwakha imisipha, amathambo, izinwele, nezipikili zethu, kodwa lokho kungukuqala kuphela.
Ama-amino acids akha ama-enzyme enza lula ukushintsha kwamakhemikhali emithambo yethu. Bathwala izakhi kanye namanye ama-molecule adingekayo egazini lethu nakwezinye izingqamuzana zamaseli. Bathwala izimpawu kusuka kwenye ingxenye yomzimba kwenye. Ama-antibodies asisivikela ekuguleni amaprotheni. Imisebenzi yamaprotheni iningi kakhulu ukuthi ingabala.
Ema-amino acid angu-20 esiwadingayo, imizimba yethu ingenza okungu-11 kuwo. Elinye le-9 kufanele sithole izidlo zethu-zibizwa ngokuthi ama-amino acids ebalulekile ngoba kubalulekile ukuthi sidle. Inani esiludinga ngalinye lama-amino acid lihlukile-ngokwesibonelo, ngokwezindinganiso ze-World Health Organization, umuntu olinganisa u-70 kg. (154 lbs.) Idinga kuphela 280 mg ye-tryptophan nsuku zonke, kepha i-2100 mg ye-lysine ne-2730 mg ye-leucine.
Kuthiwa iqanda lilingana nokulingana okuphelele kwamamino acid esiwadingayo, futhi amaprotheni ezinyamazana ngokujwayelekile (inyama, inhlanzi, ubisi, njll) zinamanani amaningi kubo bonke.
Imithombo yemifino yama-amino acids ihlanganisa okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu, amantongomane, kanye nembewu, kodwa noma yiyiphi yazo eyedwa ayinayo "isilinganiso esilinganiselwe" se-amino acid (okungenakwenzeka ngaphandle kwe- quinoa ne- amaranth ). Ngakho-ke, abantu abathembela ekutshalweni kwezitshalo zamaprotheni bangaqiniseka ukuthi bayakudinga ukudla okuhlukahlukeneyo kwababhontshisi kanye nelayisi, isibonelo, inhlanganisela yama-classic ephethe uhla olugcwele lwamamino acid abalulekile.
Ama-amino acids abalulekile: i- histidine, i-isoleucine, i-leucine, i-lysine, i-methionine, i-phenylalanine, i-threonine, i-tryptophan, ne-valine.
Amanye amino acid esiwadingayo (ukuthi imizimba yethu ingenza *) yilezi: i- alanine, i-asparagine, i-aspartic acid, i-cysteine, i-glutamic acid, i-glutamine, i-glycine, i-proline, i-serine, ne-tyrosine.
* Kukhona nesimo lapho i-amino acid noma enye izakhi zingaba "ngokomzimba ngokomzimba", lapho umzimba ungaba nenkinga yokwenza ngenxa yesifo, ukugula noma ukuguga.