Abacwaningi bathola izithako ezintsha ezivinjelwe nezingavinjelwe ezisekelweni ezifanayo
Uma usebenzisa isisindo sokulahlekelwa isisindo noma ukuqeqeshwa komzimba, yazi lokhu: Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ephepheni elibuyekezwe ngontanga i- Clinical Toxicology luchaza izithako ezimbili ezintsha ezingase zibe yingozi empilweni yakho. Ucwaningo lubona ukuthi izithako ezimbili ezisusiwe ngaphambilini emakethe ngenxa yokukhathazeka kokuphepha zisengeniswa ezithandweni ezithandwa kakhulu.
Izithako eziyingozi-Izithako ezindala nezisha
Abacwaningi be-ejensi kuhlanganise ne-NSF International, i-Harvard Medical School, ne-National Institute for Health Public kanye ne-Environment eNetherlands baqhube isifundo ukuze banqume ukuthi izithako ezintsha ezingase zibe yingozi zingezwa yini ukulahlekelwa isisindo kanye nokusetshenziselwa ukudla okuthengiswe e-United States.
Njengengxenye yocwaningo, ososayensi baqaphela futhi bahlose izithako ezimbili zokufaka izithako eziye zavinjelwa ngaphambilini yi-US Food and Drug Administration. Izikhuthazo ezivinjelwe zihlanganisa:
- I-1,3-dimethylamylamine (1,3-DMAA): Ngo-2012 i-FDA ivimbele lokhu okukhuthazayo, ngenxa yalokho, ekukhathazeni kokuphepha. Isidakamizwa siye sahlotshaniswa nezingozi eziyingozi zenhliziyo, isifo esiyingozi, nokufa okungazelelwe. I-1,3-DMAA ingathengiswa ngaphansi kwamagama amabili-amino-isoheptane, i-DMHA, i-2-amino-6-methylheptane, noma i- Aconitum kusnezoffii.
- I-1,3-dimethylbutylamine (1,3-DMBA): Lesi sithako siwu- analog noma "umzala wamakhemikhali" we-1,3-DMAA futhi angabangela izinkinga zempilo ezifanayo. Into ekhonjisiwe ukuphakamisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi ezilwaneni, kodwa ingozi kubantu ayiqondi kahle.
Abacwaningi base bekhetha ukuthola ukuthi iziphi izithako ezikhuthazayo ezinezici ezifanayo ezinamakhemikhali ezenzelwe izinto ezivinjelwe ukuze zinikezwe amandla okusebenza ngokomzimba kubasebenzisi. Ukukhathazeka kososayensi ukuthi lokhu kuvuselela ukuhlola kungabangela imiphumela efanayo yempilo eyingozi njengezikhuthazo ezivinjelwe.
Abacwaningi abatholanga nje lokhu kuvuselela, okungaba nemiphumela emibi engase ibe yingozi, kodwa bathola nokuthi izivuselelo zangaphambili ezivinjelwe zazikhona emikhiqizweni ethile. Ama-stimulants amasha afaka:
- I-1,4-dimethylamylamine (1,4-DMAA): Lo mzala wamakhemikhali we-1,3-DMAA uboniswe ukuthi ubangele izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nokuphakama kwengcindezi yegazi ezilwaneni. Imiphumela ekhuthazayo kubantu ayaziwa, kodwa ososayensi banezizathu ezinhle zokukholelwa ukuthi kungabangela ukulimala. Isithako sokuxhaswa sithengiswa njengesitshalo semvelo, nakuba abacwaningi bengatholakali ubufakazi bokuthi livela ezitshalweni.
- I-Octodrine: Lesi sithako sakhiwa ekuqaleni njengendlela yokwelashwa kwe-bronchitis nezinye izimo ezihlobene. Kodwa imithi evunyelwe i-FDA ehlanganisa i-octodrine yayinezilinganiso eziphansi kakhulu kunamanani atholakele ekufakweni okuhloswe kulolu cwaningo. Ucwaningo lwezilwane selusikisela ukuthi ukuvuselela kungabangela imiphumela emibi ye-cardiovascular.
Imikhiqizo equkethe isithako esiyingozi. Izithako
Ukuphela kokusebenza kokuqala kokuqala nokusebenza kwesisindo kwafundwa njengengxenye yalolu cwaningo. Imiphumela yokutadisha ibonisa ukuthi izikhuthazo ezitholakala kumkhiqizo ngamunye zazikhona ezilinganisweni ezilindeleke ukuba zenze imiphumela engaba yingozi emzimbeni.
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Ababhali bokufunda baqaphele abasebenzisi abangezelayo ukuthi ucwaningo lwabo lunikeza kuphela "isifinyezo salokho abathengi abangase bakhulume ngakho." Kungase kube neminye imikhiqizo emakethe equkethe lezi zithuthukisi eziyingozi futhi izithako ezinobungozi zingase zingabonakali kule ilebula.
Indlela Yokugwema Izithako Ezingozi
UJohn Travis ungumbhali wokutadisha futhi unguSependent Senior Scientist we-NSF International.
Uthi lolu cwaningo nocwaningo olunjengalo lusiza abathengi ukuba baqaphe imikhiqizo engaphephile futhi kusiza imboni yokwengeza yonke ukuze igcine ubuqotho.
"Iningi labakhiqizi bemboni bazibophezele ekuhlinzekeni imikhiqizo ephephile kumthengi. Kodwa kukhona inamba encane yabadlali ababi kanye nomonakalo abawenzayo." Okokuqala, babeka abathengi engozini. yonke imboni iso elimnyama. "
Ngokususelwa ocwaningweni lwamanje, abalobi bokutadisha bakhuthaza abathengi ukugwema imikhiqizo ebizwa ngokuthi iqukethe i- "2-aminoisoheptane" noma i- Aconitum kusnezoffii. Kodwa u-Travis uthi kunezinye izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze uhlale uphephile uma usebenzisa ukudlala noma ukwesekwa kokudla.
"Abathengi bangabheka uphawu lwezitifiketi ze-NSF International kumikhiqizo abayithengayo. Isitifiketi siqinisekisa ukuthi amalebula enkambiso anembile nokuthi imikhiqizo ikhululekile emazingeni amonakalo okukhuthaza njenge-DMAA ne-DMBA noma amanye amakhemikhali angaba yingozi."
I-NSF International iyinhlangano yezempilo nenhlangano yokuphepha engenzi inzuzo, okusho ukuthi inhloso yokuhlinzeka ngokuqwashisa abathengi nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha komphakathi.
Izwi elivela
Izigidi zaseMelika zithatha izithako zokudla nokudla ngaphandle kokubhekana nemiphumela emibi yezempilo. Kodwa njengoba lolu cwaningo lubonisa, kukhona okuncane okubalulekile okulimazayo.
Uma usebenzisa isengezo, yenza ucwaningo lwakho ngaphambi kokuthenga. Cwaninga izithako ezibalwe ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi azivinjelwe noma izinto ezingabaza. Futhi usebenzisane nomhlinzeki wakho oyinhloko wokunakekelwa ukuze uhlale uphilile. Tshela udokotela wakho uma uthatha noma yiziphi izithako njengoba zingaphazamisa imithi yakho noma ukuphathwa kwesimo sempilo. Uma uzizwa nemiphumela emibi engavamile ngenkathi uthatha isengezo, thola iseluleko sochwepheshe wezokwelapha ukulawula ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukulimala.
> Imithombo:
> Pieter A. Cohen, uJohn C. Travis, et al. "Izikhuthazo ezine zokuhlola ezitholakala ezemidlalo nezisindo zokulahlekelwa isisindo: 2-amino-6-methylheptane (octodrine), i-1,4-dimethylamylamine (1,4-DMAA), i-1,3-dimethylamylamine (1,3-DMAA) kanye ne-1 , I-3-dimethylbutylamine (1,3-DMBA) " I-Toxicology yezokwelapha ngoNovemba 8, 2017
> UJohn C. Travis (ngoNovemba 8, 2017). Inkulumo yocingo.