Amathiphu Okubalulekile Okubhaka Nge-Fluten-Free Flour

Akukona Okufanayo Njengokusebenza Ngesilimo Sikolweni

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani ufulawa wama-gluten-ufulawa wekolweni, kusiza ukwazi okuyisisekelo samakhemikhali okudla okuyisisekelo. Ngisho noma unesabekayo kumakhemikhali, akusikho lokho okuyinkimbinkimbi. Funda amaqiniso abalulekile mayelana nofulawa nokuthi ungayifaka kanjani ufulawa olungenalutho lwefulawa.

Kuyini Ukuhluma?

Ukhula luyenziwa ngokugaya okusanhlamvu, ama-legumes, amantongomane, noma imbewu ibe powder omuhle.

Uma lezi zinto zitholakala emafutheni amakhulu, umphumela kuthiwa "ukudla" kunokuba "ufulawa."

Lapho abantu abaningi becabanga ngotshani, bacabanga ngotshani wekoro, okusobala ukuthi kunemikhawulo ekudleni okungenayo i-gluten. Izithelo ezenziwe ngokolweni, ibhali, noma i-rye ziqukethe i-gluten futhi zizokwenza labo abanesifo se-celiac ne-non-celiac gluten ukuzwela ukugula. Ngenhlanhla, kuthola lula futhi kulula ukuthola izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemifino. Ungabathola esigabeni sokudla esingokwemvelo kwanoma yisiphi isitolo esikhulu noma inthanethi.

Imininingwane Eyisisekelo Ngomfula noGluten

Ngokupheka nokupheka kwe-gluten, kusiza ukwazi ukuthi i-gluten yenzani ngaphambi kokuthi uzame ukusebenza ngaphandle kwayo.

• I-Gluten yenza inhlama "inhlama." Ngokushesha nje lapho i-glutenin ne-gliadin zizungezwe ngamanzi, ama-molecule we-gluten ahlakulela futhi aqale ukwakha izibopho ezinamandla, ezinamathele, eziqinile. Lezi zibopho ezithintekayo zinikeza inhlama izimfanelo zayo ezinde. Uke wabona i-pizza eyenziwe? Abapheki bekhanda baphonsa inhlama ye-pizza phezulu emoyeni ngesisindo esiyindilinga sokuyilula. Le nhlama elula inezinhlobo eziningi ze-gluten kuwo.

• I-Gluten isiza inhlama. Inani lamanzi elongezwe kufulawa lithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwe-gluten, ngamanzi amaningi avela ekuthuthukiseni kwe gluten kanye nenhlama ye-chewier. Inani lokuxuba noma ukuxoka yisici sesibili. Ukudubula kusiza ama-molecule ahlanganiswe ama-gluten abe yinkimbinkimbi ende noma amashidi. Yingakho inhlama ingavuka lapho imvubelo ingeziwe. Imvubelo inika igesi, igesi iboshwe ngamashidi ama-molecule, futhi inhlama iphakama.

• Izinhloso ezehlukene zibiza izinhlanzi ezahlukene. Izinhlobo ezihlukene zokuvunwa koroyi zinezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa kwe-gluten. Ufulawa lwesinkwa uqala okuningi kwe-gluten, kuyilapho ufulawa wekhekhe luphansi kakhulu ku-gluten ngoba amaqebelengwane kufanele abe angcolile kancane kune-pizzas nesinkwa. Ufulawa wamaqebelengwane usawoti gluten okwanele ukugcina izimpahla ezibhakiwe zingabhubhi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-pie crusts-okufanele abe nethenda futhi aphihlile-abe ne-gluten encane kunezinkwa noma amaqebelengwane. Esikhundleni salokho, izinhlayiya zokugaya ezincane ziyancishiswa kakhulu futhi zincane kuphela zamanzi, futhi zixubene kuphela ngokwanele ukuhlanganisa izithako.

Ukuhambisa ufulawa olungenalutho lweGluten Ngokolweni Oluvuthwa Ngezimpahla Zokupheka

I-Gluten inikeza izakhiwo ezibalulekile kuhlama evamile. Uzoba nemiphumela edumazayo uma umane uyinqamula ngaphandle kokuyibuyisela ngenye indlela. Nazi amathiphu okubhaka okuphumelelayo namahlumela angenayo i-gluten, abuyekezwa nguKhomishana Richard Coppedge, uprofesa ekuBhaka nasePilathini Arts kuCulinary Institute of America eHyde Park, NY

• Thenga noma wenze ukuxuba okuphambene ne-gluten. Uma nje udinga ukugqoka into ewufulawa ngaphambi kokuthi uyilungise, ungaba kude nofulawa olulodwa-okusanhlamvu lwe-gluten. Kodwa ngokubhaka, amahlumela aphezulu-gluten asebenza kangcono uma asetshenziselwa inhlanganisela. Ukuze uhlanganise ama-sauces nama-gravies, sebenzisa i-cornstarch noma isitashi sezambane esikhundleni sokudla u-gluten. Qala ngokuxuba ufulawa olungenayo i-gluten okungasetshenziswa endaweni eyodwa kokunye ngofulawa wekolweni ezindaweni zokupheka. Eziningi zezohwebo zitholakalayo, noma ungathenga izindwangu zomuntu ngamunye (ungase udingeke uzilandise ngeposi) futhi wenze ukuxuba kwakho.

• Bhaka isinkwa kanye nemiqulu emithini enezindonga. Ngaphandle kwe-gluten, izinkwa zesinkwa kanye nemiqulu ayibambe kahle. Bhaka isinkwa emanzini okugcoba noma ama-pund Bundt, futhi usebenzise amaminithi ama-muffin for rolls.
• Engeza izinsini ekugqumeni kwakho okungekho gluten. Umthelela onamandla owakhiwa yi-gluten ungenziwa ngokulinganisa ngezinga elithile ngokufaka izinsini, njenge- guar gum noma i-xanthan gum. Lezi zinsini zengezwa kuphela ekuphekeni ngamanani amancane (njenge 1/8 kuya 1/4 isipuni ngayinye yendebe kafulawa) futhi sezivele zifakiwe ezinhlanganisweni eziningi zokuhweba ze-gluten-free.
• Engeza ezinye amaprotheni uma usebenzisa ufulawa ongenalo gluten. I-Chef Coppedge ichaza ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi i-gluten iyiprotheni, ingasiza ukwengeza amaprotheni ekuphekeni zokupheka uma ubhekisa amafleji angenalutho efulawa likakolweni. Ngokwesibonelo, usikisela, zama ukubeka ingxenye yesigamu samanzi ku iresiphi yakho ngeqanda noma abamhlophe beqanda.

• Funda izincwadi zokupheka mahhala ze-gluten namabhulogi wemibono emisha. Izincwadi eziningi zokupheka ezingenayo i-gluten ziyatholakala. Njengoba ukupheka okungeyona i-gluten kuba okuvamile, uzothola amathiphu amasha kanye nezinqubo ezintsha.
• Zama ezinye izintandokazi ezindala. Ungesabi ukusebenza nezindlela zokupheka zakho ezintandokazi zakudala, uzivumelanisa ne-gluten-free. Kungathatha izinyathelo eziningana ukuthola ukuthi yini okufanele ukwenze. Beka eceleni usuku lwezimpelasonto ukuze uzame, futhi ubone ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukuvuselela into oyithandayo ngesimo ongayidla.
• Khumbula ukuvikela ngokumelene nokungcola okuphambene ne-gluten. Isibonelo, ungalokothi ulungise ukudla okungekho gluten endaweni efanayo okusetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ukudla ne gluten ngaphandle kokuthi ihlanzekile ngokuphelele (futhi iyakwazi ukuhlanzwa-ngokwesibonelo, awukwazi ukuhlanza ibhodi yokusika ngokhuni ngokwanele ukuze wenze i-gluten- mahhala). Uvikelekile kakhulu ukuze ube nezinqola ezihlukene zezinto zokulungiselela ukudla okungenalo gluten. Njalo sebenzisa ama-sifters ahlukene nge-gluten-free and flours evamile.
• Gcina ufulawa olungenalutho lwe-gluten esiqandisini noma efrijini. Lesi seluleko sibaluleke ikakhulukazi uma uthenga amafutha akho ngobuningi. Uma ugcina amafasitela akho efrijini, masize ekamelweni lokushisa ngaphambi kokuba uwasebenzise.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi ufulawa owenzayo ungena esikhundleni se-gluten. Qaphela lezi zinhlanzi ezilandelayo. Anamagama angaqondakali kodwa aqukethe gluten futhi kufanele agwenywe:

> Umthombo:

> I-Coppedge RJ, uCharles C. Gluten-I-Baking Free-I-Culinary Institute of America . Avon, MA: Adams Media; 2008.