I-Initiative Initiative (TAI) ne-World Resources Institute (i-WRI) yaqala uhlelo olutsha lwe-Environmental Democracy Index (EDI) ukuhlinzeka ukuhlolwa komhlaba kwemithetho evikela intando yeningi yemvelo. Inkomba yiyokuhlola okuphelele okuphelele kwamalungelo enqubo esimweni esingokwemvelo, futhi kungaba nemiphumela yokunciphisa izindleko zemvelo zokudla nokulima.
Abalimi nabathengi bayazi ukuthi lezi zindawo zangaphandle ezingekho emvelo zihlobene nokulima okuvamile. Ehlomelwe ukuthola ulwazi olungcono ezindlekweni zangempela zokudla kanye nezolimo, abathengi nabakhiqizi abasebenzela ukushintsha uhlelo lokudla nabo badinga ukutholakala kolwazi lomthetho kanye nokuvikelwa kobulungiswa ukuze benze ngcono ukusetshenziswa komphakathi kwemithombo yemvelo.
I-WRI ibonisa izici ezintathu eziyisisekelo zentando yeningi yendawo: ukungafihli kolwazi, ukubamba iqhaza kanye nobulungiswa. I-EDI isekela izikolo nezikhundla zayo kulezi zinsika ezintathu, ukuhlola ukuthi imithetho yemvelo ezizweni ezihlukahlukene ivikela kanjani la malungelo. Kubo bonke, abameli abangaphezu kuka-140 bezemvelo banikeza amazwe angama-70 izikolo ukusuka ku-zero kuya ku-ezintathu ngensika ngayinye.
Le phrojekthi ihlose ukuhlinzeka i-hub ephakathi yokuhlaziywa kwezomthetho ngentando yeningi emhlabeni jikelele. I-EDI ingasebenzisa njengethuluzi lokuxazulula izinkinga ezifana nokungcola kwamanzi kanye namanzi, impembelelo yezimboni ezingeziwe njengamafutha kanye nokumbiwa kwemithi, nokudliwa kwamahlathi.
Inkomba ingagcizelela lapho okungaphandle kwemvelo okungekho emthethweni kungenzeka ukuthi kulungiswe ngezinhlaka zomthetho ezizwakalayo futhi zikhomba izindawo zokuthuthukisa.
I-EDI inikeza namakhasi ezwe ahlola amandla kanye nobuthakathaka bemithetho ekhona esizweni ngasinye esihlolwe yizinkomba.
Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwamazwe, ukulinganisa izibalo, nokubukwa kwedatha kunomthelela ekuqondeni kabanzi komhlaba wonke ngentando yeningi. Izinhlangano eziningi, kuhlanganise ne-Sustainable Food Trust, i-TEEB ezoLimo nokuPhepha, kanye ne-Economics yomhlaba, ziyasebenza kwi-True Cost Accounting (TCA), okuyiyona ndlela yokulungiswa okungcono kwemikhiqizo yokuphela kwemali kanye nezindleko ezigcwele zokukhiqiza, kubandakanya ukungaphandle kwemvelo. Ngokuqinisa amalungelo enqubo, okuyisisekelo esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni phambili kwe-TCA, inkomba entsha ingasiza ekwenzeni ngcono ukuqonda ukuthi i-TCA ingahle iphumelele kangakanani.
Eminye yemiphumela yenkomba, kufaka phakathi amazwe angcono nakakhulu kunayo yonke intando yeningi yemvelo, ingase imangale. I-EDI ithola ukuthi amandla wemithetho evikela ukukhanya nobulungiswa ayihlotshaniswa nenzuzo kazwelonke, futhi leyo mithetho ebukeka kahle ephepheni ingase ingacindezelwa kahle empeleni. I-EDI ihlanganisa izinkomba ezingu-24 ezengeziwe ezenzelwe intando yeningi yemvelo ngokusebenza, okungahlinzeka ngokuqonda okubalulekile ukuqhathanisa nezikolo zomthetho.
Isikhulumi esiyinhloko emcimbini wokuqaliswa kwe-EDI ngoMeyi 20, 2015 kwakuyi-Avi Garbow, Umeluleki Jikelele we-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Iphaneli lezikhulumi zazibandakanya uManish Bapna, uMongameli oPhethe kanye noMqondisi we-WRI; ULalanath DeSilva, uMqondisi weProjekthi yeZemvelo Yokwenziwa Kwemvelo Yenkululeko Yomhlaba. I-Rizwana Hasan, i-Goldman Umklomelo Omkhulu noMqondisi Oyinhloko we-Bangladesh Environmental Lawyers Association; UConstance Nalegach weNgqongqoshe Wezemvelo eChile; kanye noMark Robinson, uMqondisi Wezwe Omhlaba Wokubusa we-WRI.
"Kukhona izikhala eziningi emithethweni nasemisebenzini," kusho uDevava. "Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi sithole izindlela nezindlela zokukala intuthuko nokubona lezi zikhala ukuze zivaliwe bobabili ohulumeni kanye nomphakathi ngokusebenzisana."
Ukuthola okuphelele kokuhlola kubonisa ukuthi ukungaziwa kolwazi kungase kube insika eqinile emhlabeni jikelele. Kuzo zonke amazwe angu-70 afakwe ohlwini, 65 walungiselela ezinye izinhlinzeko zomthetho ezihlinzeka ngamalungelo kolwazi lwemvelo. Kodwa-ke, amaphesenti angu-29 emazwe ahlolwe awadingeki ukuba akhululwe ngaleso sikhathi. Ukubamba iqhaza komphakathi kwakungavunyelwe futhi ngokuvikela umthetho; Amaphesenti angu-79 emazweni ahlolwe atholakala ukuthi anezilinganiso ezifanele noma ezimbi zokuhlinzekwa komphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphela amaphesenti angu-4 amazwe e-EDI ahlinzeka ngamathuba okubamba iqhaza ekuqaleni kwesikhala sokuhlela noma sokuhlela amaphrojekthi.
Ngokusho kukaHasan, inkomba ingase ibe yindlela ewusizo yokufunda kwamanye amazwe amaphutha. "Sifuna impela imigomo yezemvelo kanye nemigomo yokuthuthukiswa okufanele ilandelwe abaholi bethu emhlabeni jikelele nakwezinga likazwelonke," usho kanje. "Asikwazi ukulandela ngokungaqondakali izindlela zokuthuthukisa amazwe asethuthukile abelokhu elandela futhi ngaleyo ndlela abelethe izinkinga ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu."
Ngolwazi lwe-EDI, abacwaningi nabaholi emhlabeni jikelele bangakwazi ukuqonda kangcono izikhala ezenzelwe intando yeningi yezemvelo ukuthuthukisa uhlaka lwezomthetho olubeka phansi izinhlelo ze-TCA. Phela, akunakwenzeka ukubamba umculi wokuhlanza onesibopho sokuhlanza uma izakhamizi zingenayo ulwazi lomonakalo owenziwe endaweni yokuqala.