IU, RDA, DRI, g, mg ... Zonke lezo zincwadi zingaqala ukubukeka njenge-soup alfabhethi. Uma ufunda izihloko mayelana nokudla, ukudla, nezithako zokudla okunomsoco , cishe uzothola ezinye izifinyezo.
Ukudla okuvamile kanye nokudla okufingqiwe
Nazi ezinye zokudla okunomsoco nokudla okuchazwe kabanzi:
I-AA - Ama-amino acids : izingxenye zomzimba zamaprotheni.
ADEK - Amavithamini A, D, E, no K : amavithamini amaningi anamafutha amaningi ngezinye izikhathi ahlanganiswe ndawonye.
I-A - Ukudla okwanele : inani lomsoco ozohlangabezana nezidingo zansuku zonke. Isetshenziselwa lapho imali yokudla ephakanyisiwe (RDA) ingenakuqunywa.
I-BMI - Inkomba yomzimba womzimba : isilinganiso esibonisa ukukhuluphala ngokubala amaphesenti amanani we-fat and muscle emzimbeni.
I-Ca - Calcium : i-mineral edlalayo edingekayo emathanjeni namazinyo aphilile, ukuvinjwa kwegazi okuvamile, nomzimba wamasipha nomzimba.
I-DRI - Ukudla okusetshenziselwa ukudla : amazinga ajwayelekile omsoco adingekayo ekudleni kokudla. I-DRI ihlanganisa isabelo sokudla esinconywayo (RDA), ukudla okuwanele (AI), kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokunakekelwa eliphezulu (UL).
EAR - Izidingo ezilinganiselwe ezilinganiselwe : izinga lokudla lomsoco ozohlangabezana nezidingo zesigamu sabo bonke abantu abanempilo.
Amandla e-RDA - I- Energy Recommended allowance allowance : inani elivamile lamakhalori abantu abadinga, ahluke ngocansi nangeminyaka yobudala.
Qaphela: I-RDA ye-Energy isilinganiso , ngakho-ke noma yimuphi umuntu angadinga ngempela ama-calories amaningi noma amakhalori ambalwa kunalokho okushiwo amashadi wekhalori.
I-Fe - Iron : i-mineral diet edingekayo yokuthutha umoya-mpilo kuwo wonke umzimba.
I-FTT - Ukuhluleka ukukhula : ukubambezeleka okuphawulekayo ekukhuleni kwengane noma ingane encane.
g - I- Gram : i-metric unit of measure. Ama-carbohydrate, amafutha, namaprotheni alinganiswa amagremu. I-ounce eyodwa ingaba amagremu angu-29.
IU - Iyunithi yamazwe omhlaba : isilinganiso somsebenzi wamavithamini nezidakamizwa. Amavithamini A, D, no-E avame ukulinganiswa ngale ndlela. Ukuguqulwa kusuka ku-IU kuya mg kuhlukile ku-vithamini ngayinye.
I-K - Potassium : i-mineral edlalayo edinga ukulinganisela kwamanzi nokusebenza kwemisipha enempilo emzimbeni.
i-kcal - i- Kilocalorie : isilinganiso samandla esivame ukubhekisela njengekhalori.
i-mcg - Microgram , i-metric unit of measure. Amanye amavithamini namaminerali alinganiswa ngama-micrograms; isibonelo, ama-microgram angu-1 000 alinganisa i-milligram eyodwa.
mg - i- Milligram : enye i-metric unit of measure. Amavithamini amaningi namaminerali alinganiswa ngama-milligram; isibonelo, ama-milligram angu-1 000 afana negramu eyodwa.
I-Mg - Magnesium : i-mineral diet edingekayo ekusebenzeni kwemisipha enempilo nezinye izinqubo emzimbeni.
I-mEq - I- Milliequivalent : isilinganiso esilingana nesigidi esisodwa se-gram efanayo.
I-Na - Sodium: i-mineral edlalayo edingekayo ekulinganiseni kwamanzi emzimbeni.
I-RDA - Isibonelelo sokudla okuphakanyisiwe : I-RDA ibeka inani lomsoco ozohlangabezana nezidingo zamaphesenti angu-97.5 abantu abanempilo. Isekelwe e-EAR plus ukwehluka okujwayelekile okujwayelekile.
I-REE - Ukusebenzisa amandla okuchitha amandla : inani lama-kilojoule ongawushisa uma uhlala uphumule usuku lonke.
I-RN - I- reference yokudla okunomsoco : esetshenziswe e-UK, imelela izincomo zemizimba yansuku zonke ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zobuningi babantu.
UL - Izinga eliphezulu lokunakekelwa eliphezulu : izinga eliphakeme lomsoco ophephile kubo bonke abantu.
Imithombo:
Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. Ukudla okunomsoco kanye ne-Human Metabolism. Edition Sixth. Belmont, CA. Inkampani yakwaWadsworth Publishing, ngo-2013.
Izikhungo Zempilo Zesizwe: Ihhovisi Lezibonelelo Zesidlo. Izincomo zokudla okunomsoco: Izindleko zokudluliswa kwezidakamizwa (i-DRI). UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu.
> UMnyango wezeMpilo waseMelika kanye neMisebenzi Yomuntu kanye noMnyango Wezolimo wase-US. 2015 - 2020 Izinkombandlela Zokudla kwabaseMelika . Edition Eyisishiyagalombili. Disemba 2015.