Abaningi abagijimi bazosebenzisa imithi yokuhlunguphaza i-over-the-counter (OTC) ngesikhathi esithile ukuze babhekane nezinhlungu ezincane, izinhlungu, nokulimala. Lezi zidakamizwa ezinye zezidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, kepha aziqondi kahle kakhulu abantu abaningi abazithathayo. Zithembeke futhi ziyasebenza lapho zisetshenziselwa ngokufanele ukukhululeka kwezihlungu, kodwa nazo zinengozi nemiphumela emibi.
Okufanele Ukwazi Ngezihluthulelo Zokubuhlungu
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokunciphisa ubuhlungu obukhulu kunabo bonke: ama-NSAID (izidakamizwa ezingavimba ukuvuvukala), ezifaka i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil ne-Motrin), i-naproxen sodium (i-Aleve), ne-ketoprofen (i-Orudis KT) ne- Acetaminophen (iTylenol nePanadol).
Eminye imikhiqizo ihlanganisa lezi zinkinga ziyanciphisa nezinye izithako ezinjenge-caffeine noma ama-decongestants futhi zithengisa umkhiqizo wezinhlanganisela zezimpawu. Ngezinye izikhathi uzobona lezi mikhiqizo zikhangiswa ngokubandayo nokukhuphuka komkhuhlane. Lezi zithako ezingeziwe zingase zibheke izimpawu ezibandakanya ukucinana kwamanzi noma ukukhwehlela.
Ngokuvamile, i- ibuprofen, naproxen, ne-ketoprofen kunciphisa ubuhlungu ngaphezu kwesilinganiso esifanayo se-acetaminophen noma i-aspirin, nakuba i-acetaminophen ne-aspirin inamanye amahle. I-Acetaminophen ivame ukunconywa ukuphatha ubuhlungu be-arthritis ngoba ayibangeli ukucasuka kwesisu. Kubuye kube nokukhululeka okuphephile kwabantwana nabakudala.
Futhi, i-aspirin yiyona kuphela ukuhlenga ubuhlungu obuboniswa ukunciphisa ingozi yokuhlasela kwenhliziyo.
Ama-NSAID
Ama-NSAID avimbela umzimba ekukhiqizeni i-prostaglandins. I-Prostaglandin yizinto ezikhiqizwa ngokwemvelo ngumzimba osebenza njengabalamuleli emisebenzini ehlukahlukene ye-physiologic kuhlanganise nokuvikela ukugoma kwesisu nokulawula umfutho wegazi.
Babuye baphakamise ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. I-NSAID isebenza ngokuvimbela yonke i-prostaglandin. Ngakho-ke ngenkathi bevimbela labo abangela ubuhlungu, bavimbela nalabo abavikela isisu esiswini futhi, ngenxa yalokho, bangabangela ukucasuka kwesisu noma ukuphuma kwamathumbu kwabanye abantu.
I-Prostaglandin nayo isiza ukuphumula imithwalo yegazi futhi ivimbela ukwakheka kwe-clot. Ngokumisa kancane, yiziphi ama-NSAID aklanyelwe ukuzenza, kwandisa ingozi yokushaya isifo nokushaya kwenhliziyo kwanoma ubani othatha ama-NSAID okungewona ama-aspirin-ikakhulu ibuprofen (Motrin), naproxen (Aleve), i-diclofenac (i-Voltaren) ne-celecoxib (iCelebrex) Ingozi yezinkinga ikhula ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwama-NSAID. Noma kunjalo, ama-NSAID asebenza kahle ekunciphiseni ama-aches, ubuhlungu, umkhuhlane, nokuvuvukala.
Nakuba ngempumelelo ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala, ama-NSAID awavunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphambili noma ngesikhathi semidlalo yokukhuthazela. Ucwaningo oluthile luye lwathola inzuzo engokoqobo yokusebenza ngokuthatha ibuprofen futhi ixwayise ukuthi ingase ihlanganise ubuhlungu, okungabangela ingozi eyengeziwe yokulimala. Ezinye izifundo ziye zaxwayisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwama-NSAID ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kwe-ultra kuhambisana nenengozi eyanda kakhulu ye- hyponatremia exertional .
Aspirin
Nakuba ihlukaniswe njenge-NSAID, i-aspirin inezakhiwo ezithile eziyingqayizivele.
I-aspirin iyinxephezelo ebuhlungu eyanciphisa ukuvuvukala nomkhuhlane. Kuye kwaboniswa ukusiza ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo, futhi kungase kube nezinye izinzuzo zesikhathi eside, kuhlanganise nokunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wekoloni. Isebenza njengegazi elincane futhi, ngenxa yalokho, lingavimbela ama-blood clots. I-aspirin ayiyona into engavamile.
I-aspirin inezingozi ezithile. Akufanele kuthathwe ngabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 abanesifo senkukhu noma imfuluwenza, ngenxa yengozi ye-Reye's syndrome. Akunconywa nalabo abanezinkinga zesisu, izilonda, isifo sezinso, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi noma izifo zomzimba ze-aspirin.
Imithi Yezinhlungu Zezinhloko, Izakhi Zemiidlalo, namaGel
Imithi yokuhlunguphazwa kwezihloko yilabo asetshenziswa ngqo esikhumbeni.
Ziza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezibandakanya ama-creams, ama-gel lotions, nama-patches. Kunezigaba ezintathu ezinkulu zokunciphisa ubuhlungu be-topical, kodwa labo abagijimi basebenzise kakhulu (Bengay, Aspercreme, and Sportscreme) aqukethe ama-salicylates (methyl salicylates), izithako ezifanayo ezitholakala ku-aspirin. Ziyizinhlungu eziphuthumayo zokunciphisa ukuthi zibuye zinciphise ukuvuvukala uma zithathwa isikhumba futhi zisetshenziswe ngendlela efanele, kodwa zinezingozi ezithile
I-Acetaminophen
Eyaziwa ngokuthi ngamagama ayo okuthiwa yiTylenol nePanadol, i-acetaminophen ikholelwa ukuthi isebenza ezindaweni ezibuhlungu ebuchosheni. Ziyizinhlungu eziphephile kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi azivimbeli i-prostaglandins, ngakho-ke azibangeli ukuphuma kweGI (ukugoma). I-Acetaminophen iyanciphisa ubuhlungu nomkhuhlane, kodwa hhayi ukuvuvukala. Kuhle ukuphatha i-osteoarthritis noma ukuphatha labo abanegazi eliphezulu. Amanani aphezulu e-acetaminophen angalimaza isibindi, futhi ukubonakala okungavamile kuye kwabonakala, njengezinkinga ze-rash nezinkinga zokugqoka.
Iyini i-Best Pain Reliever ngawe?
Njengoba njalo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe ukukhulula ubuhlungu. Uma uthatha imithi nganoma yimuphi omunye umuthi wezokwelapha (njengokucindezela kwegazi eliphezulu, i-arthritis, isifo sikashukela, isilonda noma ngisho ne-acne) kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza mayelana nokuqonda ukusebenzisana okungenzeka kanye nomphumela wecala. Qinisekisa ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho kanye nemithi mayelana nanoma yimiphi imithi noma izithako ozithathayo ngaphambi kokuba ungeze noma yiziphi izinkinga zokuphumula. I-NSAID akufanele ithathwe ngabesifazane abakhulelwe (Njalo hlola nodokotela wakho mayelana nokukhululeka kobuhlungu ngesikhathi ukhulelwe).
Uma uthatha i-anti-anti-compression medication, qiniseka ukuthi ulandela izikhombisi-ndlela eduze. Ngokuvamile, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), ne-naproxen sodium (Aleve) noma i-ketoprofen (i-Orudis KT) iyasiza kulabo ababhekene nokulimala kwezemidlalo okuholela ebuhlungu, ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala. Ama-generic asebenza ngendlela efanayo futhi kufanele ahlangabezane nezindinganiso ezifanayo njengegama elifanayo lomkhiqizo, kodwa libiza kancane. Funda futhi ulandele izikhombisi-ndlela zelebula futhi ungathathi okungaphezulu kwe-dose ephakanyisiwe. Futhi, ungasebenzisi noma yiziphi izidakamizwa ze-OTC izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho noma ummithi akutshele ukuthi kulungile ukwenza kanjalo.