Ukusetshenziswa Kanjani Nokusetshenziswa Kwezilwane Eziphansi Nama-Low-Protein Flours
Ufulawa owenziwe yonke inhlanzi ingenye yezinto ezisemqoka ekhishini cishe wonke umuntu onayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi upheka okuningi noma cha. Kodwa uma unesifo somzimba wekoro, isifo se-celiac noma ukungazweli kwe-gluten okungenayo i-celiac, awukwazi ukusebenzisa omunye wemikhiqizo eminingi ejwayelekile yemifino yokupaka emakethe. Esikhundleni salokho, kuzodingeka ukhethe ufulawa olungenayo ukolweni noma u-gluten.
Ngeshwa, akukho ukuhlelwa okukhulu kokungena esikhundleni sefulawa kubantu abangakwazi ukudla ufulawa wekolweni (okunezinto ezithile eziyingqayizivele ezenza kube usizo kakhulu ekuphekeni).
Ukuze uyishintshe, uvele ukhethe ufulawa olungenayo ukolweni ngoba ufuna ukupheka.
Funda ukufunda ukuze ufunde ngezigaba ezahlukene zokungahambisani nokhula emakethe nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani, kanye neminye imikhiqizo ongayithola ewusizo ekubheni nasekuphekeni ngaphandle kokolweni.
Izintambo zokudla
Izinhlamvu zakhiwa izingxenye ezimbili eziyisisekelo: amaprotheni nesitashi. Ingxenye yamaprotheni yengqolowa i-gluten, futhi yilokho okwenza izimpahla ezibhakiwe zihlangane ndawonye kahle. Esinye isici esikhulu sefulawa yisitashi.
Isitashi sisebenza kahle ngokugcoba isobho, ama-sauces, nama-gravies, nakuba kungenzi lutho olufana nofulawa wekolweni ngokwenza kanjalo. Njengoba kungenakwenzeka, ingahlanganisa cishe noma yikuphi ukudla. Ungazami ukufaka isitashi ukuze ufulawa kwizimpahla ezibhakiwe, noma kunjalo. Ngokwakhe, isitashi akwanele ukubamba izimpahla ezibhaka ndawonye, ngakho-ke akuyona into enhle yokufaka esikhundleni sefulawa ekubhaka.
Kunezinhlanzi ezine ezinkulu zokudla okungenakolweni: i- cornstarch , i-arrowroot isitashi, i-tapioca isitashi, nama-mbatata isitashi. Kusukela kumbono wokucubungula, lezi zine ziyashintshana, ngakho-ke zizwe ukhululekile ukuxuba nokufanisa ngokusekelwe ezidleni zakho zokudla kanye nokuthi yini ekudleni kwakho.
Isitashi sinomkhuba wokudala izibani ezincane lapho zivutha; ungakwazi ukulwa nalokhu ngokudala isisindo samasila kanye noketshezi kunokuba ungeze isitashi ngqo epanini elishisayo.
Utshwala obunamanzi obunamathenda buvame ukufudumala kancane uma bepholile, kodwa ukufudumala kuyabenza babuyele esimweni sabo sokuqala. Enye i-quirk mayelana nesitashi: ngenkathi ama-gravies ane-fried-fatened and sauces ama-opaque, ama-sauces ahlanganisiwe okwe-starch ayenamabala futhi aguquguqukile.
Isitashi sisetshenziselwa inqubo yokupheka yaseChina ebizwa ngokuthi i-velveting, lapho kusetshenziswa khona amaqanda omhlophe kanye nesitashi ukuze agqoke izinkukhu ngaphambi kokugubha-ukufisa ngokushisa okukhulu. Inhlanganisela yesitashi kanye neqanda ivikela inyama futhi igcine ingawomile.
Amaprotheni aphansi, ama-Neutral-Taste Flours
Amaprotheni aphansi ahlanganisa kokubili amaprotheni kanye nesitashi kusukela okusanhlamvu, kodwa avela ezinhlameni eziphansi kwamaprotheni. Ngokuvamile, lezi zindlala zingcono kakhulu esikhundleni sokudla ufulawa ezimweni lapho i-gluten ingabalulekile-okuwukuthi, lapho ufulawa lungabambisene khona okuhle okubhaka. Zifaneleka kahle izinsalela zokuqina, ukudlala ukudla, ukwenza ama-batter tempura, nokwenza izibhamu. Zingasetshenziswa ekubheni ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye izinsiza kanye nezinsiza zokubhaka.
Ufulawa omhlophe welayisi ufulawa wokuqala owenziwa abantu abaningi lapho beqala ukutholwa ngesimo esidinga ukuba bahambe mahhala okungenakolweni noma gluten. Ufulawa welayisi unemikhuba embalwa emangalisayo: ithole ukunambitheka okungathathi hlangothi, itholakala ezimakethe eziningi ezithwala ezinye izinsiza ezikhethekile zokubhaka okungenakolweni, zikwazi ukuguquguquka ngendlela yokucabanga, futhi zigcina kahle.
Noma kunjalo, ukuthungathwa kungabonisa ubuciko. Ufulawa wamalayisi obomvu kunamagugu afanayo kanye nokungahle kube khona ufulawa omhlophe welayisi; qiniseka ukuthi uyilondoloze esiqandisini.
Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezingabheki, ufulawa wamabele lusebenza kahle. It has ukunambitheka kancane kunokuba ufulawa irayisi kodwa ukuthungwa okuningi kakhulu. I-Millet yenza indawo eseduze kakhulu yefulawa likakolweni kuma-sauces ane-roux (njengeBéchamel). Omunye ufulawa ophansi owenziwe ngamaprotheni ufulawa wempuphu, okuyinto enhle yokugaya futhi ngokuvamile uhlanganiswe nezinye izinhlanzi ekubhaka. Imfucumfucu yemmbila ihle kakhulu futhi ilula ngaphezu kokudla-okubili akukwazi ukusetshenziswa ngokungafani.
Amaprotheni Aphansi, Amandla Okunciphisa Amandla
I-Amaranth, i-quinoa, i-sorghum, i-teff, ne-ufulawa we-buckwheat inamaprotheni afanayo afanayo namabele, ummbila, nelayisi (nelayisi ene-protein encane yeqembu). Lezi zimfucumfucu zinezinto ezifanayo zokupheka kwamanye amaflethi aphansi-amaprotheni, futhi ngokuvamile akufanelekile ukubhaka eyedwa.
Lezi zinhlanzi, kodwa, zinambitheka kakhulu kunama-flours eqenjini elandulele. Ngenxa yalokho, azifaneleki kangcono ama-sauces, lapho ufulawa ngokuvamile ungasetshenziselwa ukunambitheka kwawo. Ngokuyinhloko zisetshenziselwa izindlela zokupheka lapho i-flavour yabo eyingqayizivele iwuphawu lokugxila-ufulawa oluthile, isibonelo, yi-ufulawa wendabuko owenzelwa ukwenza i-Breton galettes-noma ukuhlanganisa nama-high-protein flours, njengoba angakwazi ukugcoba kahle futhi asisize i-flavor ukunambitheka le ingxube.
Amaprotheni aphezulu kakhulu
Amaprotheni aphakeme kakhulu aphansi emigqumeni yazo zonke izinhlobo. I-Garbanzo, i-fava, ne-soy ingenye yezindawo ezivame kakhulu eziphezulu zeprotheyini, kanti ufulawa we-soy utholakala ezitolo ezinkulu eziningi. Kuzo zonke izimo, ziwusizo ekubheni ngoba okuqukethwe kwabo amaprotheni aphezulu yisilinganiso esiseduze kakhulu se-gluten esitholakala kumagundane angenayo i-gluten. Kodwa-ke, wonke ama-high-protein amapulazi emakethe ngalesi sikhathi ayathandwa kakhulu. Izindlela zokupheka eziningi zengqolowa ezingenayo ukolweni kanye ne-gluten ezisebenzisa lezi ziphuzo zizozihlanganisa nefulawa elingaphansi lweprotheyini ukuze kunambitheke ngokwengeziwe.
Amaprotheni aphakeme kakhulu akuyona into engcono kakhulu yokufaka ufulawa ekuphekeni okungaxhomeki ku-gluten (ngamanye amazwi, eziningi zokupheka ngaphandle kwezimpahla ezibhaka), futhi ama-flavour awo abonakala kakhulu ukuba enze ama-sauces amakhulu noma ama-gravies. Zamukelekile ekudleni inyama, kodwa ikakhulukazi uma zizosetshenziswa esitsheni esinamanye amaqabunga anamandla, ahambisanayo.
I-Gluten-Iqukethe Izimpande
Abantu abanesifo se-celiac ne-non-celiac gluten ukuzwela abakwazi ukusebenzisa ibhali ne-rye ngokubhaka, ngoba lezo zilimo ezimbili (eceleni kwesikolweni) nazo ziqukethe i-gluten . Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abanezinyosi zokuvuna bakhuthazelela lezi zinhlamvu.
Kokubili ufulawa webhali kanye nofulawa we-rye uqukethe i-gluten, kodwa kune-gluten ephansi kunokolweni futhi ngakho-ke ayikho enye indawo eyodwa yokushintshela ukolweni ekubhaka. Ufulawa we-Rye une-flavour eqinile futhi isetshenziselwa ukwenza isinkwa esincane se-pumpernickel. Ibhali yiyona ehambisana nokubili kokubili kokuvela kumbono wokugcoba, kodwa unomthelela omkhulu wokungcolisa abantu abanobuhlungu bekolweni, ngoba ngokuvamile uvame ukukhula ngokukolweni.
Izwi kusuka
Ukuguqula ufulawa wekolweni ezindaweni zokupheka kungaba yinselele, futhi kudinga amanye amakhono okupheka okuthuthukisiwe nolwazi oluthile lokuthi izithako ezihlukahlukene zisebenza kanjani ekuphekeni.
Isibonelo, izithako eziningi zisetshenziselwa ukwengeza amaprotheni ezitokisini eziphekwe ezenziwe ngokuyinhloko kusuka kumaprotheni aphansi. Ubisi obufana nobunye, amaqanda, ubisi lwe-soy , nezinye izindlela zoketshezi zobisi lwe- nondairy-izidakamizwa zesitolo sokudla. Ezinye zilula kancane:
- I-egg esikhundleni sokuthi isetshenzisiwe hhayi nje ukufaka amaqanda esikhundleni, kepha futhi nemvubelo bese wengeza amaprotheni ezingxenyeni ezingenakolweni ezibhaka. Itholakala ezitolo eziningi zokudla ezempilo noma kwezinye izitolo ezinkulu.
- Ukudla okunomsoco kunomsoco futhi kucebile amaprotheni. Kusobala ukuthi akufaneleki abantu abanezihlahla zomuthi womuthi. Thola kubo ezitolo zokudla zezempilo noma ku-intanethi.
- Ubisi obomile obumile buyatholakala emasakeni ezinqolobaneni eziningi, ngokuvamile esigabeni sokubhaka eduze nobisi oluncibilikiswe emathinini.
Uzothola izithako ezimbalwa ezinhlokweni eziningi zokupheka okungenakolweni okungenzeka ungazazi, njengezinsini. Amazinyo asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa nokuxuba ufulawa ekubheni njengokungena esikhundleni se-gluten. Lezi zibili ongase uzithole ekuphekeni yi-xanthan gum, etholakala ushukela (ngokuvamile kusuka kummbila), kanye ne-guar gum, esuselwa kuhlobo lwebhontshisi. Ungathenga lokhu ezitolo eziningi zokudla kwezempilo noma ku-intanethi.
Ekugcineni, ngomkhuba omncane, uzofunda ukuthi yiziphi izinhlanzi ezingenayo ukolweni ne-gluten ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ekuphekeni.
> Umthombo:
> Ngaphandle kwe-Celiac. Isingeniso Emiphakathini Engenayo I-Gluten.