Esinye sezicabangelo ezithandwa kakhulu nge-yoga ukuthi lidala kakhulu. Lapho siqala ukwenza ama- asanas we- yoga, sivame ukukhuthazwa ukuba sikholelwe ukuthi imizimba yethu imizimba yethu iyathatha iyingxenye yendabuko yasendulo, ukuhlelwa okufanayo okucatshangwa ukuthi kuqaliswa phakathi neminyaka eminyaka. Kodwa ngenkathi sekukhona into ebizwa ngokuthi "yoga" isikhathi eside, iveza cishe okungafani nalokho esikusho manje ngegama.
Iminyaka emingaki yokuhamba kwesikhathi esibhekana nayo ekilasini le-yoga yanamuhla? Njengoba kuvela, kungenzeka ukuthi akudala kakhulu.
I-Asana Emibhalweni Yasendulo
Kukhona imibhalo eminingana ekhonjiswe ngokuphindaphindiwe njengesizathu sefilosofi sezingxenye zomzimba we-yoga, kodwa ukukhulunywa okuncane kokuhlelwa kwe-yoga kwenziwa kuzo. Ku- Bhagavad Gita , isibonelo, igama elithi ngaphambi lisetshenziselwa ukusho isihlalo. Ngokufanayo, kwi- Yoga Sutras yasePatanjali , ngaphambili, enye yezinyathelo eziyisishiyagalombili ze-yoga, ibhekisela ekuhleleni okuhlala njalo futhi okukhululekile ukuzindla, ngokusho kwe-yoga, uMark Singleton, umbhali we- Yoga Body: I-Origins of Modern Posture Practice (2010) lapho ehlola ukuguqulwa kwe-yoga kuya ejwayelekile. Omunye umthombo wasendulo, i- Hatha Yoga Pradipika , "uchaza izikhathi eziyishumi nesishiyagalolunye, eziyishumi nesishiyagalolunye zazo ezihlezi kuzo zonke izilwane." Kuncoma ezine zazo ngaphezu kwazo zonke (siddha, padma, simha no bhadra): konke lokhu kuhleli ukuzindla, "kusho u-Singleton.
Ukuza Kwamuva Ku-Asana
Ngakho uma kungachazwa ematheksthini asendulo, i-yoga poses ivela kuphi? Ucwaningo lukaS Singleton luphetha ngokuthi i-yoga asana njengoba siyazi namuhla yaba khona emlandweni wamanje, ngokubambisana kwezinto ezibandakanya ukunyakaza kwamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe ezangekhulu le-19, okwaholela emasu amaningi amasha futhi wagcizelela ukuziphatha okuhle, ithonya ye-colonial British gymnastic conditioning (ikakhulukazi ngokuma) eIndiya, kanye nokuphakama kobuzwe bamaNdiya obusemva kololoni, obufuna ukuthola nokukhuthaza uhlobo lomdabu lokuzivocavoca.
Indaba ka Singleton iqinisa ithonya elinamandla likaT. Krishnamacharya kwi-yoga yesimanje. Ukufundiswa kukaKrishnamacharya, okwenziwa yi-Maharaja Krishnaraja Wodeyar yaseMysore, yavuthwa ngawo-1930 nakuma-40 e-Mysore Palace njengengxenye yemfundo yabafana abancane, ikakhulukazi ekilasini eliphakeme.
Ukubaluleka kwe-Mysore
Ucwaningo lwe-NE Sjoman luka-1996, I-Yoga Tradition ye-Mysore Palace , lunikeza ukujula ngokujulile ngesimo sezimiso ezivumela isitayela sika-Krisnamacharya sika-yoga ukuba iguquke futhi ihambise, ikakhulukazi ngabafundi bakhe abanekhono BKS Iyengar noK. Pattabhi Jois . USjoman, isazi saseSanskrit owahlala eNdiya iminyaka eminingi, kuhlanganise neminyaka emihlanu e-Pune ngaleso sikhathi afundela noIngar, wavunyelwa ngumndeni wakwaWodeyar ukuba ushicilele ingxenye yesandla esivela esigodlweni saseMysore esinesihloko esithi Sritattvanidhi . Idalwe isikhathi esithile phakathi kuka-1811 no-1868, lo mbhalo wesandla ubonisa futhi usho amagama angu-121 asanas. Abaningi bayabonakala njengama-postures esiwenzayo namuhla, nakuba amaningi ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukene. USjoman ubonisa ithonya lezindlela zokuqeqesha ezisetshenziselwa ama-Indian wrestlers eziningi zezimo, kanye nokunikeza ubufakazi bokuthi uKrishnamacharya wayevezwe ohlelweni lwezifundo ze-gymnastics yaseYurophu ngenkathi eqhuba i-yogashala ePhalamende.
USjoman no-Singleton abatholi ubufakazi bokuthi i- Yoga Korunta ikhona, umbhalo wasendulo uKrishnamacharya noJois bathi bangumthombo wendlela uJois abiza ngayo i-Ashtanga Yoga.
Isiko Esiqinile
Uma ubheka amavidiyo kaPattabhi Jois osemusha kanye ne-BKS Iyengar eqhuba isitayela esihambayo se-yoga njengoba ithuthukiswe yi-Krishnamacharya (etholakalayo ku-YouTube), kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuthi kungakanani ngaphambi kokuba umkhuba ushintshwe ngisho naseminyakeni engu-60 edlule. Nakuba u-Jois no-Iyengar bengenakuqondakala ukuthi bangabanikazi be-asana, ukunyakaza kwabo kubonakala kunzima, ngisho nokuphazamiseka. Akekho umusa we-dance-like esiye wawajabulela eminyakeni yamuva.
Ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwe-yoga asana kusuka ematheni amancane okuhlala kumdanso ogelezayo ukusuka ekuzimele ukuya ekufundeni esiye sajwayele kuye kwenzeka eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-200 eyedlule, okwenyuka esikhathini esedlule sekhulu leminyaka edlule, ukulungiswa kwendabuko kubonakala kungalungile . Ukuqonda ushintsho njengengxenye yangaphakathi ye-yoga kungasenza sikhulule okunamathiselwe kwethu ekubalukeni komlando futhi siqaphele ukuthi lo mkhuba uyaqhubeka kanjani. I-Sjoman ibhekisela kulokhu njengesiko esivusa amadlingozi, ngokubamba kahle izimpande ze-yoga esikhathini esidlule nasesimo sokuguquka njalo.
Imithombo:
Singleton, Mark. Umzimba we-Yoga: Isiqalo Sokusebenza Kwamanje Kwamahora . I-Oxford University Press, ngo-2010.
Singleton, Mark. Ukuxhumana komuntu siqu, ngo-Okthoba 2012.
Sjoman, NE, Umkhuba we-Yoga we-Mysore Palace . Abhinav Publications, eNew Delhi. Edition lokuqala 1996, Edition yesibili 1999.