Izitshalo nezinkinga, ngenkathi ngezinye izikhathi zisetshenziselwa ngokungafani, akuzona into efanayo. I-sprain iyingozi ekutheni i-ligament, izicubu ezinzima, ezinamafutha ezihlanganisa amathambo kwenye amathambo. Ukulimala kwe-Ligament kuhilela ukwelula noma ukukhipha lezi zicubu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulimala kunoma yisiphi isisu noma isithoni, izicubu ezihlanganisa imisipha emathanjeni.
Ngokuya ngobukhulu bokulimala, ukuhlukunyezwa kungase kube ukulula okulula kwemisipha noma i-tendon, noma kungabangela ukukhala okuyingxenye noma ephelele.
I-Sprains
I-sprain ngokuvamile ivela lapho abantu bewela bese behlala engxenyeni eyeluliwe, behlelwe phansi, basebenze eceleni kohlangothi lwabo, noma baphendule ngamadolo ngezinyawo ezitshalwe ngokuqinile emhlabathini. Lokhu kubangela ukugqama noma ukukhala kwe-ligament (ama) esisekela lokho okuhlangene.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zemithi zihlanganisa:
- I-Ankle Sprains : I-ankle ingenye yezinto ezilimazayo kakhulu ezemidlalo nezokuzijabulisa nezemidlalo. Amanxeba amaningi ama-ankle ayenzeka lapho unyawo luphenduka ngokungahambi ngaphakathi (inversion) noma ngaphandle (i-eversion) njengomgijimi ogijimayo, ejika, ewa, noma emasimini emva kokugxuma. I-one noma ngaphezulu yemigqa yesikhombandlela ilimala.
- I-Wrist Sprains: Izibhamu zivame ukubola emva kokuwa lapho umgijimi ehlala khona esandleni eseluliwe.
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso
Izibonakaliso ezivamile zomshoshaphansi womzimba zihlanganisa ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukulimaza, nokulahlekelwa amandla okusebenza (ikhono lokuhambisa nokusebenzisa okuhlangene).
Ngezinye izikhathi abantu bazizwa bekhala noma bekhala lapho kwenzeka ukulimala. Nokho, lezi zibonakaliso nezimpawu zingashintsha ngokujulile, kuye ngokuthi ubunzima be-sprain.
Ukuxosha Ukuqina Kwesilinganiso
- I-Grade I I-Sprain : I-grade I (i-mild) sprain ibangele ukudlula noma ukubhubhisa kancane kwemigqa ngaphandle kokungahlali okuhlangene. Umuntu onomoya omncane uvame ukuzwa ubuhlungu obuncane, ukuvuvukala, nokulahlekelwa okuncane noma ukulahlekelwa amandla okusebenza. Ukukhwabanisa akusikho noma kuncane, futhi umuntu ngokuvamile uyakwazi ukubeka isisindo kuhlangene oluthintekile.
- Ibanga lesibili : Ukulimala kwebanga lesibili (okulinganiselwe) kubangela ukugqashula okuyingxenye ye-ligament futhi kubonakala ngokulimaza, ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo nokuvuvukala. Umuntu onenkinga yokulinganisela ngokuvamile kunenkinga yokubeka isisindo kuhlangene ohlangene futhi uhlangabezane nokulahlekelwa umsebenzi. I-x-ray noma i-MRI ingadingeka.
- I-Grade III Sprain : I-Grade III (severe) sprain iveza izinyembezi eziphelele noma ihlukumeza i-ligament. Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala nokulimala ngokuvamile kunzima, futhi isiguli asikwazi ukubeka isisindo ekuhlanganyeleni. I-x-ray ivame ukuthathwa ukuze ikhishwe amathambo aphukile. Loluhlobo lwe-muscle sprain luvame ukudinga ukungasebenzi futhi mhlawumbe ukuhlinzwa. Kungabuye kwandise ingozi yomdlali ophethe imisipha ezayo kule ndawo.
Uma uthola ukuthi yikuphi ukulimaza, udokotela uzocela isiguli ukuthi sichaze ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukulimala. Udokotela uzohlola ohlangene ohlangene, hlola ukuqina kwawo kanye nokukwazi kwawo ukuhambisa nokuthwala isisindo.
Izinkinga
Ubunzima bubangelwa ukudubula noma ukudonsa isidumbu noma isithononi. Izinkinga zingaba nzima noma ezingapheliyo. Ukucindezeleka okunzima kubangelwa ukuhlukunyezwa noma ukulimala okunjengokushaya komzimba; kungabuye kubangelwe ukuphakamisa ngokungalungile izinto ezinzima noma ukucindezela ngokweqile imisipha.
Izifo ezingapheli ngokuvamile ziwumphumela wokunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe, okuphindaphindiwe okuphindaphindiwe kwemisipha namathenda.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zemithi zihlanganisa:
- Ukubuyela emuva emuva
- I-Hamstring Strains
- I-Tendonitis (ukuvuvukala kwethenda)
Imidlalo yokuxhumana efana nebhola, ibhola, iHockey, ibhoksi, kanye nokulwa nokubeka abantu engozini yezinkinga. Ukuzivocavoca, i-tennis, ukugwedla, igalofu nezinye zezemidlalo ezidinga ukuqongeza okukhulu kungakhuphula ingozi yokwelashwa kwesandla. Izinkinga ze-Elbow ngezinye izikhathi zenzeka kubantu abathintekayo emidlalweni yokudlala, ukuphonsa, nokuxhumana nemidlalo.
Izingcindezi ezimbili ezivamile ze-elbow zifaka:
- I-Tennis Elbow (i-epicondylitis engezansi)
- I-Elbow ye-Golfer (i-epicondylitis engaphakathi)
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso
Ngokujwayelekile, abantu abanezimo ezinzima, ubuhlungu bomzimba nobufo obuthakathaka. Bangabuye babe nokuvuvukala, ukugcoba, noma ukuvuvukala kwendawo, futhi, ngokucindezeleka okukhulu, ukulahlekelwa okuthile kwemisipha yomsebenzi. Iziguli ngokuvamile ziba nobuhlungu endaweni emelekile kanye nobuthakathaka obuningi bomzimba lapho bezama ukuyihambisa. Izifo ezinzima ezihlukana noma eziqede ngokuphelele imisipha noma ithethoni ngokuvamile zibuhlungu kakhulu futhi zikhubaza.
Ukucindezela Ukucindezela
Izinhlanzi zihlelwe ngendlela efanayo ngokuphambana:
- I-Grade I Ukugxila : Lokhu kuyinkinga emnene futhi nje kuphela imicu ye-muscle yonakalisiwe. Ukuphulukisa kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu.
- Ibanga lesibili Ukugxila : Lokhu kuyinkinga elinganiselwe enobungozi obuningi emfucumfucu yamasipha , kodwa umsila awuphuli ngokuphelele. Ukuphulukisa kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamasonto amathathu kuya ayisithupha.
- I-Grade III Ukucindezeleka : Lokhu kulimala okukhulu ngokuhlukana okuphelele komzimba. Lokhu kudinga ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa kwemisipha; isikhathi sokuphulukisa singaba izinyanga ezintathu.
Lapho Uzobona Udokotela Ngokweqile Noma Ukucindezeleka
- Unomunyu obukhulu futhi awukwazi ukubeka isisindo ekuhlanganyeleni okumele ulimele.
- Indawo ephethwe ngokuhlanganyela okulimazayo noma eduze nayo ithenda kakhulu uma uyithinta.
- Indawo emelekile ibukeka iyigwegwe noma inezimbungulu nezinqwaba ongazibonanga ngokuhlanganyela okungalimazi.
- Awukwazi ukuhambisa ukujoyina okumele kulimele.
- Awukwazi ukuhamba ngezinyathelo ezingaphezu kwezine ngaphandle kobuhlungu obukhulu.
- Amathanga akho emilenze noma ahlinzeke lapho uzama ukusebenzisa ihlangene.
- Uphazamise kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yendawo emelekile.
- Ubona ukubomvu noma ukusakazwa okubomvu okusakazeka kokulimala.
- Ulimaza indawo eye yalimala izikhathi eziningana ngaphambili.
- Unabuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubomvu ngaphezu kwengxenye yonyawo lwakho.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwemisipha kanye nezinkinga kunezinhloso ezimbili eziyinhloko. Umgomo wokuqala ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu; okwesibili ukusheshisa ukutakula nokuvuselelwa.
Ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kunconywa ukuthi ulandele ukusetshenziswa kwe-RICE therapy (Ukuphumula, i-Ice, Ukucindezeleka, Nokuphakama) kwamahora okuqala angu-24 kuya kwangu-48 ngemuva kokulimala.
I-OTC (noma i-prescription) imithi elwa nokuvuvukala ingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
I-RICE Therapy
Ukuphumula: Nciphisa ukuzivocavoca njalo noma eminye imisebenzi ngangokunokwenzeka. Udokotela wakho angakukwazisa ukuthi ungafaki isisindo endaweni emelekile amahora angu-48. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukubeka isisindo ekhanda noma emadolweni, izinsimbi zingasiza. Uma usebenzisa umquba noma umshini owodwa wokulimala kwe-ankle, uyisebenzise ohlangothini olungavikelekile ukukusiza ukuthi uncike futhi unciphise isisindo esikhaleni esilimele.
Iqhwa : Faka isicelo se-pack ye-ice endaweni emelekile imizuzu engu-20 ngesikhathi, izikhathi ezine kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ngosuku. Iphakethe elibandayo, isikhwama seqhwa, noma isikhwama seplastiki esigcwele iqhwa elichotshoziwe futhi lihlanganiswe ithawula lingasetshenziswa. Ukuze ugweme ukulimala okubandayo kanye ne-frostbite, ungasebenzisi i-ice imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-20.
Ukucindezela: Ukucindezeleka kwe-ankle elimele, idolo noma isandla kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Izibonelo ze-bandage zokucindezela kukhona ama-wraps ezonwebekayo, amabhuzu akhethekile, umoya okhishwayo, kanye nama-splints. Buza udokotela wakho iseluleko ukuthi iyiphi oyisebenzisayo.
Ukuphakama: Uma kunokwenzeka, gcina isinxeba elilimazayo, idolo, igoli, noma isici esikhuphukile emithonjeni, ngenhla kwezinga lenhliziyo, ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
Ukuvuselelwa
Isigaba sesibili sokwelapha isifo noma ukucindezeleka ukuvuselela ukubuyisela umsebenzi ojwayelekile. Uma ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kuncishisiwe ungase uqale ukuzivocavoca ngobumnene. Uhlelo lomkhuba luvame ukudalulwa ngumuthi osebenza ngokomzimba ovimbela ukuqina, okwenza ngcono ukunyakaza, kuthuthukise ukuguquguquka nokuqinisa amandla. Kuye ngohlobo lokulimala onalo, ungaya ekwelashweni ngokomzimba amasonto amaningana, noma wenze izivivinyo ekhaya.
Abantu abane-ankle sprain bangase baqale ngezinhlobo zokuzivocavoca, njengokubhala amagama alfabhethi emoyeni ngenzwane enkulu. Umdlali onogada noma unyawo olalimala uzosebenza ekuzivocavoca umzimba nokuzilinganisa. Ubude beli sigaba buxhomeke ekubaleni kokulimala, kodwa ngokuvamile kuvame amasonto ambalwa.
Ukuvuselela amandla kuyinkqubo ehamba kancane futhi kancane kancane, futhi kuphela lapho kwenziwa kahle ngokunjalo umdlali angacabanga ukubuyela emidlalweni. Kuzama ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi ogcwele naphezu kobuhlungu noma ubuhlungu besisu, kodwa ukubuyela emsebenzini ogcwele maduzane kwandisa ithuba lokulimala futhi kungaholela enkingeni engapheli.
Inani lokuvuselelwa kanye nesikhathi esidingekayo sokuvuselela ngokugcwele ngemuva kokuhlukunyezwa kwemisipha noma ubunzima kuxhomeke ekubambeni kokulimala kanye namazinga ngamunye okuphulukisa. I-ankle sprain elinganisiwe ingadinga amaviki amathathu kuya ayisithupha okuvuselelwa futhi ukulimala okukhulu kungathatha izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kwezingu-12 ukuze ubuyeke ngokuphelele futhi kugweme ukulimala. Ukubekezela nokufunda ukubhekana nokulimala kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale.
Ukuvimbela ama-Sprains and Strains
Kunezinto eziningi abagijimi abangayenza ukuze basize ukunciphisa ingozi ye-muscle sprains kanye nezinkinga. Qala ngokubuyekeza lawa macebiso angu-10 ukuze ufunde ngokuphephile .
- Yenza ibhalansi nokuzivocavoca.
- Hlanganisa ukuvivinya umzimba.
- Gqoka izicathulo ezihambisana kahle .
- Shintsha izicathulo zezemidlalo ngokushesha nje lapho inqwaba iphuma noma isithende siwela phansi.
- Nciphisa noma yisiphi isimiso sokuzivocavoca futhi ungene esimweni esifanele ngokomzimba ukuze udlale umdlalo.
- Ukufudumala ngaphambi kokuhlanganyela kunoma imuphi umdlalo noma ukuzivocavoca.
- Gqoka izinto zokuzivikela lapho udlala.
- Gwema ukuzivocavoca noma ukudlala ezemidlalo uma ukhathele noma ubuhlungu.
- Run on even surfaces .
Umthombo:
I-American Academy Yabahlinzeki Bama-Orthopedic. I-Sprains and Strains: Uyini umehluko?