Abagijimi nabaqeqeshi ngokuvamile bagxila ekuqeqeshweni nasekuziqeqesheni ngokomzimba ukuze bakwazi ukwenza amakhono ezemidlalo. Kodwa-ke, ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono angokomqondo nangokomzwelo kungabalulekile ekuphumeleleni ezemidlalo nasezindaweni ezingaphezu kwezemidlalo. Inhloso yezemidlalo yezemidlalo ukubhekana nezidingo ezingqondweni nezingokomzwelo zabadlali. Lokhu kuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yabo yonke futhi kukhulise ukusebenza kwabo kwezemidlalo ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu.
Wonke umuntu uhlangabezana nokucindezeleka, kodwa abadlali abaningi bahlangabezana nocingo oluyingqayizivele lwangaphakathi nangaphandle ukuze badlulisele phambili futhi baqede inkundla yokudlala. Abezi-psychologists bezemidlalo basebenza nabagijimi ukusiza ukuphatha lezi zinkinga, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwabo kwezemidlalo, nokuthuthukisa ukulinganisela ngokomzwelo.
Namuhla, ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono engqondo kuye kwaba yingxenye yokuphumelela kwezemidlalo njengamandla, amandla, nokukhuthazela ukuqeqeshwa. Lokhu kubangelwa ukunyakaza kwengqondo kanye nokuthandwa kokuzindla, yoga, nokubukeka komkhuba emithonjeni ejwayelekile. Ucwaningo ngezinzuzo zokuzindla kwengqondo ngokuzimisela nokuphathwa kokucindezeleka zenzele emkhakheni wezemidlalo yezemidlalo. Futhi abagijimi abaningi bayaqhubeka bezuza ngokwengeza ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono engqondo emisebenzini yabo yokuqeqesha umzimba.
Umlando Wokuqala
Imvelaphi yezemidlalo yezengqondo akulula ukubona. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi kuvela emkhakheni wezokwelapha futhi abanye bakholelwa ukuthi kuvela egatsheni lokuqeqesha umzimba.
Imizamo yokuqala eyinhloko yabacwaningi ukutadisha ukuthi isimo sezemidlalo nangokomzwelo sabagijimi sithinta kanjani ukusebenza kwabo kwezemidlalo kungalandelwa ngawo-1920 lapho ama-labs ezemidlalo ezinikezelwe ezemidlalo aqala ukuvela eJalimane, eRussia nase-United States.
Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi uDkt Coleman R. Griffith unguyise nomsunguli wezemidlalo yezemidlalo njengoba siyazi e-United States namuhla.
Wakha i-lab yocwaningo futhi wafundisa izifundo ezemidlalo yezemidlalo e-University of Illinois ngawo-1920 futhi wabhala izincwadi ezimbili ezigxile kuphela kwi-psychology yemidlalo: I-Psychology of Coaching eyanyatheliswa ngo-1926 kanye neThe Psychology of Athletics ngo-1928.
Landscape yanamuhla
Akusekho i-fad noma i-luxury, ezemidlalo yezengqondo zijwayele ukusetshenziselwa iningi labadlali bezemidlalo namathimba. Ngisho nabadlali be-amateur bathola ukubaluleka ekwandiseni ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono engqondo ekusebenzeni kwabo.
Uhlangothi lwamanje lwezemfundo nolusizo lwezemidlalo yezemidlalo luhlanganisa nezindinganiso ezithile zokuqeqeshwa, ukucwaninga nokusebenza. Ngo-1986, i-American Psychological Association (APA) yadala iSigaba 47 esibheke ngokukhethekile ekuzivocavoca nasekuziphatheni kwezemidlalo. Kukhona nezincwadi eziningana zemfundo, kuhlanganise ne-International Journal of Sports Psychology, ezinikezwa kuphela ekutadisheni kwezemidlalo yezemidlalo.
Amasu avamile
Insimu yezemidlalo yezemidlalo iyaqhubeka ikhula njengoba ucwaningo luhlanganisa, kodwa kunezindawo ezivamile zokugxila eziqashwe iningi labasebenzi bezemidlalo yezemidlalo. Lezi zindawo zivame ukubhekana nezici ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuqeqeshwa kwengqondo nezomzwelo kubadlali:
- Ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi: Ukubukeka nokucubungula ngengqondo sekuyisikhathi eside kube yinqaba lezokucwaninga nokuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo yezemidlalo. Ukugxila okuyinhloko ukusiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komdlali. Umkhuba onjalo uvumela umgijimi ukuba alungiselele ngokwengqondo isimo esiphelele futhi athuthukise 'ibalazwe yengqondo' yomphumela onikeziwe. Isayensi yokubukeka, ebizwa nangokuthi imifanekiso noma ukuzithiba , ibonisa ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho okucatshangwayo kuhunyushwa ngokufanayo nomcimbi wangempela futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuholela ekuqinisekiseni okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokufaneleka kumdlali.
Ucwaningo oluthile lubonisa ukuthi ukubuka ngeso lengqondo kungabangela amandla ekuzuzeni kubadlali. Ngokufana nokubukeka, ukuzikhulumela nokuhlakulela isimo sengqondo esifanele kungaba isici esibucayi ekuqeqeshweni kwamakhono wengqondo evamile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umgijimi kudingeka asebenze ekunakekeleni, ukugxila nokugxila , noma ukunciphisa nokulawula ukukhathazeka ngezimo ezicindezelayo, lezi zindlela zonke zihlose ukunciphisa iziphazamiso ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza komdlalo wezemidlalo. Abanye ochwepheshe babonisa umthelela wangempela walokho okuthiwa i-placebo effect eyenziwe yizinkolelo zomdlali njengoba kuvezwe yizinkolelo- ze nezinqubo eziningi abanye abadlali abafunga ngabo.
- Ukuvuselela nokuvuselela ukulimala: Enye indawo lapho isazi sengqondo sezemidlalo singathinta umgijimi ngokubasiza ukuba bathuthukise ukuqina kwengqondo nangokomzwelo, ikakhulukazi emva kokunciphisa okukhulu, ukulahlekelwa noma ukulimala. Leli khono liyadingeka kubadlali abalimele abangase banqotshwe ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo kokulimala ngokucindezeleka, ukuhlukaniswa noma ukuhoxiswa. Ukufunda indlela yokusebenzisa amakhono athile engqondo ekubhekaneni nokulimala-nokusebenzisa amandla engqondo ukusiza ukuphulukiswa ngokomzimba- umsindo ozwakalayo. Kodwa abadlali bezemidlalo bezemidlalo nabagijimi baye bathola izinzuzo zangempela ekusebenzeni la makghono engqondo.
- Ukugqugquzela nokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo: Noma yikuphi umgijimi angase azizwe ecindezelekile, ahlanzwe, noma aphelelwe amandla ukuqeqesha usuku nosuku. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kubonisa inkinga ejulile. Ukugqugquzelwa-nokuntuleka kwesisusa-kungenye indawo lapho isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esifanelekayo singangenelela ukusiza abagijimi bathole impande yezinkinga zabo. Mhlawumbe basuke bekhathazekile ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo, bexoshwa noma bebhekene nezinye izingcindezi ezingokomzwelo.
Ukugqugquzelwa akuyona njalo indaba yokuthola uhlu lwadlalwayo lomculo olufanele noma ukufunda ukucaphuna okugqugquzelayo . Ngezinye izikhathi, inkinga yangempela engenakho ukugqugquzela ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, ngokomzimba noma kwezenhlalakahle. I-psychologist eqeqeshiwe yezemidlalo angakwazi ukuvula ingxabano eyinhloko futhi asize umgijimi wakhe ukuhlela isu futhi abeke imigomo efanelekile yokuvuselela isifiso sokudlala.
Uphi Umqondo Wezinzwa Zezemidlalo?
I-psychologist yezemidlalo uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi osebenza nabagijimi ukuze bathuthukise ukuphila kwabo ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo emizamweni yokukhuthaza ukugijima okuhle. Enkambeni yokusebenza nesazi sengqondo sezemidlalo, abagijimi abaningi bazobona ukusebenza kwabo kwezemidlalo kuthuthuka ngokuphawulekayo. Kodwa, ngisho noma lokhu kungenzeki, amaklayenti amaningi azoba nokwanda kokulinganisela kwabo ngokomzwelo nokuzinza emkhakheni wokudlala.
Izwe lezemidlalo yengqondo likhulu futhi lihlukahlukene. Abanye ochwepheshe basebenza nabathile bezemidlalo kungaba ngabanye ngabanye noma kumaqembu. Abanye bakhetha ukusebenzisana nabadlali be-amateur, izingane, noma abadlali bemidlalo ethile.
Ukuba ngumuntu wezemidlalo wezemidlalo ofanelekayo udinga ukuhlangenwe nakho kokufunda kanye nokwenza okusebenzayo. Imizila yezemfundo nayo ihlukene ne-psychology esebenzayo engxenyeni yezinhlelo eziningi zemfundo. Isimiso segolide sidinga i-degree ephakeme, njenge-PhD ku-Psychology, nokuqeqesha okuqondile nabagijimi. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe abaningi be-Master babuye babe nokuzikhethela ezemidlalo yezemidlalo.
Nakuba kungavamile, abanye abaqeqeshi kanye nabasebenzi be-hypnotherapists baye bahlanganyela nenani elikhulayo lochwepheshe abasiza abagijimi ukuba baphathe ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, kanye nokusebenza okuhlobene nemicabango yabo nezinkolelo ezingaphansi. Uma unesithakazelo ekufundeni okuningi mayelana nezemidlalo yezemidlalo njengomdlali noma ochwepheshe, kunemithombo eminingi yokuhlola .
Imithombo:
I-Brouziyne M, i-Molinaro C. Imifanekiso yengqondo ehlangene nokusebenza ngokomzimba kwe-approach shots yebagibeli begalufu. Amakhono Okuqonda Nezithuthuthu. 2005 Aug; 101 (1): 203-11.
Driediger, Molly; Hall, Craig; I-callow, i-Nichola, Ukusetshenziswa kwemifanekiso ngabadlali abalimalayo: ukuhlaziywa kwekhwalithi. I-Journal of Sports Sciences, ngoMashi, 2006.
U-Isaac, AR Ukuzivocavoca Kwengqondo- Ingabe Kusebenza Emkhakheni? I-Psychologist yezemidlalo, 6, 192-198, Mat 1992.